Brain Fuel ⛽

Question 1

90%of energy used by the brain in …..

Answer 1

Signaling mechanism between neurons

Question 2

Type of brain fuel

Answer 2

Glucose “main source”
Keton bodys “acetoacetate , B hydroxy butyyrate”
Monocarboxilic acid “lactate, pyrovate ,acetate”

Question 3

Source of brain fuel in well fed state

Answer 3

Dietary carbohydrates

Question 4

Source of the brain fuel in fasting state

Answer 4

Glucose
Early fasting : glycogenolysis by liver
Late fasting : gluconeogenesis in liver
Ketone body during starvation to form acetylcoA

Question 5

Source of non carbohydrate compound for gluconeogenesis

Answer 5

Lactate
Glycerol
Amino acid

Question 6

The time that the brain use lactate as energy mainly and where

Answer 6

During sustained physical exercise
In neurons

Question 7

Glucose enter neurons by

Answer 7

GLUT 3

Question 8

And asterocyte by

Answer 8

GLUT 1

Question 9

Anerobic glyclosis happen in …..
And aerobic glycolysis happen in….

Answer 9

Asterocyte
Neurons

Question 10

HMP pathway happen in …

Answer 10

Neurons

Question 11

Warehouse of th brain

Answer 11

Asterocyte

Question 12

Asterocyte have LDH no ….
Neurons have LDH no…..

Answer 12

5
1

Question 13

Lactate transport from asterocyte to neurons by

Answer 13

MCT 1,2

Question 14

Explain why glyclosis slow in neurons

Answer 14

Due to absence of PFKFB 3 enzyme that form fructose 2,6 bisphosphate which is the stimulator of PFK 1 in glyclosis

Question 15

Glycogenesis increased in …….

Answer 15

Sleeping ,anesthesia “decrease brain function”

Question 16

Glycogenolysis increase in ….

Answer 16

Adrenaline and serotonin
Increase brain function

Question 17

Importance of brain fuel

Answer 17

Maintenance of ion balance
Uptake of neurotransmitters
Brain function

Question 18

Impairment of brain function cause ..

Answer 18

Perturbation of brain function
Loss of consciousness and coma