brain damage Flashcards
1
Q
brain injury
A
- refers to any impairment or interferes with the normal functioning brain
- damage can be temporary or permadent
2
Q
incidents that cause brain injury
A
- blow to the head, car accident, alcohol, stroke, drugs, brain surgery, infections, disease
3
Q
acquired brain injury
A
- injury that happens after birth
4
Q
plasticity
A
- the ability of the brain to change in response to experience
5
Q
developmental plasticity
A
- natural changes that take place in all peoples brains as we mature older & have new experiences
6
Q
adaptive plasticity
A
- ability of the brain to compensate for lost function in the event of brain injury
7
Q
processes of plasticity
A
- synaptogenesis, rerouting, sprouting
8
Q
synaptogenesis
A
- the formation of synapses between neurons in the nervous system
9
Q
rerouting
A
- an undamaged neuron that has lost connection with an active neuron may seek a new active neuron to connect with
10
Q
aphasia
A
- an impairment of language, affecting the production or comprehension of speech & ability to read or write. due to brain injury commonly stroke
11
Q
sprouting
A
- growth of axon & dendrite branches to enable the neuron to make new connections
12
Q
brocas aphasia
A
- damage to the brocas area & is difficult for people to produce fluent speech. speech is often a few keys words, they can understand others speech
13
Q
wernickes aphasia
A
- damage to wernickes area & affects the ability to comprehend speech and producing coherent speech, fluent speech that may not make much sense, have trouble understanding what others are saying
14
Q
phineas gage case
A
- damage to frontal lobe, tamping iron went through his left cheek through his brain and out frontal lobe
15
Q
how was phineas gage affected
A
- lost 11% of white matter in frontal lobe & 4% of cerebral cortex. attitude changed, became an alcoholic and died 12 years later from seizures
