Brain (Cerebullum to Limbic System) Flashcards
Part of the Brain, located below the occipital lobe of the cerebrum, and posterior to the Pons and Medulla
Cerebellum
The strong, horizontal fold of dura mater that is attached along the midline to the Falx Cerebri and separates the cerebellum from the basal surface of the occipital and temporal lobes
Tentorium Cerebelli
The scythe-shaped vertical fold of the duramater, in the longitudinal fissure, between the two cerebral hemispheres.
It is attached anteriorly to the front of the skull and caudally to the upper surface of the Tentorium Cerebelli
Falx Cerebri
The cerebellum is important for?
Coordination of movements and maintenance of balance (Intentional movement)
Part of the brain located just superior to the Spinal Cord
Brain Stem
3 parts of the Brain Stem
1) Medulla (caudal)
2) Pons (intermediate)
3) Mid Brain (Superior)
The Brain Stem is concerned with the vital (life sustaining) functions of?
The ANS
The Brain Stem contains both motor and sensory tracts that connect? (2)
Spinal Cord and Various Regions of the Brain
The Brain Stem is the site of most of the 12….?
Cranial Nerve Nuclei
Ex. CN XI, The accessory nerve –> Innervates Trapezius and SCM
Part of the Brain Stem that “attaches” to the Spinal Cord
It contains nuclei that are reflex centers for regulation of various vital functions.
Medulla Oblongata
Vital functions regulated by the Medulla Oblongata (7)
- Heart Rate
- Respiratory Rate
- Vasoconstriction
- Swallowing
- Coughing
- Vomiting (Emesis)
- Cardiovascular Control
Part of the Brain Stem, superior to the Medulla
Pons
Relays nerve impulses between the cortex and cerebellum
Pontine Nuclei
The Pons, with the medulla, helps control?
Breathing
Part of the brain stem that mediates auditory and visual (oculomotor) reflexes
Mid Brain
An involuntary response to a stimulus
A reflex
Part of the Brain closely associated with motor system pathways of the basal ganglia
Substantia Nigra
Chemical produced in the Substantia Nigra that plays a role in motivation and movement in all animals
Dopamine
A large part of the Brain Stem, consisting of small areas of loosely clustered nuclei and tracts.
It helps maintain consciousness, causes awakening from sleep, filters out unimportant information and contributes to regulating muscle tone
Reticular Formation
DO THE RETICULAR FORMATION (dance)
Part of the Brain
Wraps around the Brain Stem and lies beneath the Cerebral Cortex.
It contains many parts and its structures are also connected with other major structures such as the Cortex and basal Ganglia
A network of centres that are also referred to as the ‘emotional brain’
The Limbic System
Part of the Limbic system that plays an important role in emotional behaviours, especially fear
Amygdala
The Brain’s pleasure center - plays a role in sexual arousal and the ‘high’ derived from certain recreational drugs.
These responses are heavily modulated by dopaminergic projections from the limbic system
Nucleus Accumbens
SEX, DRUGS AND ROCK’n’ROLL
Part of the Limbic System
Involved the consolidation of ‘short term’ memory into long term memory and other complex cognitive processes
Hippocampus
The limbic system is also tightly connected to?
the Prefrontal Cortex
The anterior part of the frontal lobes of the brain, lying in the front of the motor and premotor cortices
the Prefrontal Cortex
The Prefrontal cortex has been implicated in?
- Planning complex cognitive behaviour
- Personality expression
- Decision making
- Moderation social behaviour
The prefrontal cortex develops later in life and is often responsible for two traits in teenagers
- Risk Taking
- Poor Decision Making
Situated below and in front of the thalamus, and above the pituitary gland
An important part of the limbic system
Involved in controlling the ANS and the endocrine system, and organizes behaviours
Plays an important role in the integration of the endocrine and nervous systems
Hypothalamus
An important sensory relay station between the rest of the body and the cerebrum
Thalamus
Functions of the Hypothalamus
Control of hunger, thirst and body temperature
Located in the Hypothalamus
It controls your circadian rhythms via the pineal glands secretion of the hormone melatonin
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
This hormone targets the hypothalamus helps it to establish the body’s circadian rhythm
Melatonin
