Brain And Environs Flashcards
What is the entry hold for the middle meningeal artery into the skull?
Foramen spinosum
What is the normal CSF volume, and what is the rate of CSF production?
150cc, production is 20cc/hr
What cistern houses the basilar artery, and what cranial nerve is with it?
Prepontine cistern, with CN VI + basilar artery, ascending from pontomedullary junction along clivus. Think of CN VI getting damaged by being pushed against clivus during its long course when there is increased ICP
Gyrus damaged in subfalcine herniations
Cingulate (behavior, motivation, limbic), also occlusion of ACAs
Most common site of aneurysm in brain?
Risk of rebleed on first day vs 2 wks?
AComm
4% rebleed day 1, 20% in first 2 wks
Percent with cerebral vasospasm after brain hemorrhage, and peak time?
50% in first 1 wk
Treatment for cerebral vasospasm?
CCB: Nimodipine
Risk of bleed per year in AVM?
1-4% per year
Appearance on MRI with hyperintense central core and surrounding dark T2 rim
Cavernoma with hemosiderin T2 dark ring around central core
Define and localize: Parinaud’s syndrome (4 signs, 3 causes)
Peering at the tip of nose
- impaired vertical gaze (up, so sunsetting sign)
- light-near dissoc
- bilateral lid retraction with Collier’s tucking w/ bilat ptosis
- impaired convergence or convergence-retraction nystagmus
Caused by lesions of dorsal midbrain / pretectal area, rapid hydrocephalus, pineal tumors
meningiomas can be associated with what cancer?
breast cancer
Hemorrhagic mets in brain: 4 types
melanoma, renal cell, thyroid, choriocarcinoma
Acceptable ratio of WBC: RBC in traumatic LP
1WBC for every 700 RBC
What meningitis requires tx of household contacts and with what ABx?
H. flu and N. meningococcus: treat with Oral rifampin
what meningitis do you treat with steroids w/ ABx
S pneumo and H flu
