brain

Question 1

HINDBRAIN (Rhombencephalon)

Answer 1

“Maintenance crew” = basic functions that keep us alive

(1) Myelencephalon
-Medulla oblongata: heart rate, breathing; injury often fatal

(2) Metencephalon
–Cerebellum: Balance, coordination (vulnerable to alcohol)
–Pons (bridge): sleep and arousal

Question 2

MIDBRAIN (Mesencephalon)

Answer 2

(1) Tectum:
auditory and visual info –> affect movement
-Superior colliculus (vision)
-Inferior colliculus (hearing)

(2) Tegmentum:
—Reticular formation (arousal, movement, reflexes - walking) —–Periaqueductal grey (species-specific behavior, reduces pain)
—Red nucleus (descending motor)
—Substantia nigra (movement; basal ganglia): coordination of movement, motor control.

Question 3

FOREBRAIN (Prosencephalon)

Answer 3

(1) Diencephalon
–Thalamus: sensory info except smell
—Hypothalamus:
-Pituitary glands + anterior + posterior pituitary: hormones
(2) Telencephalon
–Neocortex: rational thought
– Subcortical Regions: Limbic System, Hippocampus, Amygdala, Olfactory bulbs, Basal Ganglia

Question 4

Neural Communication

Answer 4

Signal transmission within a neuron is electrical

Signal transmission between neurons is chemical.