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Gross Anatomy I > Brachial Plexus and Upper Limb Muscles > Flashcards

Brachial Plexus and Upper Limb Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

pectoralis major proximal attachment

A

clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle

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2
Q

pec major distal attachment

A

lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus

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3
Q

pec major innervation

A

lateral and medial pectoral nerves
clavicular head: (C5, C6)
sternocostal head: (C7, C8, T1)

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4
Q

pec major main action

A

adduction and medial rotation of humerus
clavicular head flexes humerus
sternocostal head extends it from flexed position

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5
Q

pec minor proximal attachment

A

3rd-5th ribs near costal cartilage

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6
Q

pec minor distal attachment

A

coracoid process

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7
Q

pec minor innervation

A

medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)

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8
Q

pec minor muscle action

A

stabilize scapula

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9
Q

subclavius proximal attachment

A

junction of 1st rib near costal cartilage

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10
Q

subclavius distal attachment

A

inferior surface of middle 1/3rd of clavicle

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11
Q

subclavius innervation

A

nerve to subclavius (C5, C6)

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12
Q

subclavius muscle action

A

anchors and depresses clavicle

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13
Q

serratus anterior proximal attachment

A

external surfaces of 1st to 8th ribs

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14
Q

serratus anterior distal attachment

A

medial border of scapula

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15
Q

serratus anterior innervation

A

long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

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16
Q

serratus anterior muscle action

A

protract scapula

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17
Q

trapezius proximal attachment

A

superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous process C7-T12

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18
Q

trapezius distal attachment

A

lateral 1/3rd of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

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19
Q

trapezius innervation

A

spinal accessory nerve CN XI, C3, C4 spinal nerve

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20
Q

latissimus dorsi proximal attachment

A

spinous processes T6-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inferior 3-4 ribs

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21
Q

lat distal attachment

A

floor of intertubercular sulcus

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22
Q

lat innervation

A

thoracodorsal nerve, middle subscapular nerve (C6, C7, C8)

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23
Q

lat muscle action

A

extend, adduct, medial rotation of humerus, climbing

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24
Q

levator scap proximal attachment

A

transverse process C1-C4

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25
Q

levator scap distal attachment

A

medial border of scap, superior to spine of scap

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26
Q

levator scap innervation

A

dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5) and cervical nerves (C3,C4)

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27
Q

levator scap action

A

elevate scapula

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28
Q

rhomboid major proximal attachment

A

T2-T5 spinous process

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29
Q

rhomboid minor proximal attachment

A

C7-T1 spinous process, nuchal ligament

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30
Q

rhomboid major distal attachment

A

medial border of scap from spine to inferior angle

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31
Q

rhomboid minor distal attachment

A

medial end of scapular spine

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32
Q

rhomboid major and minor innervation

A

dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

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33
Q

rhomboid muscle action

A

retract scap

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34
Q

deltoid proximal attachment

A

lateral 1/3rd of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

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35
Q

deltoid distal attachment

A

deltoid tuberosity

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36
Q

deltoid innervation

A

axillary (C5, C6)

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37
Q

deltoid muscle action

A

anterior: flex and medial rotation
middle: abduction
posterior: extend and lateral rotation

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38
Q

supraspinatus proximal attachment

A

supraspinous fossa

39
Q

supraspinatus distal attachment

A

superior facet of greater tubercle

40
Q

supraspinatus innervation

A

suprascapular nerve (C4, C5, C6)

41
Q

supraspinatus muscle action

A

initiate abduction, rotator cuff

42
Q

infraspinatus proximal attachment

A

infraspinous fossa

43
Q

infraspinatus distal attachment

A

middle facet of greater tubercle

44
Q

infraspinatus innervation

A

suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)

45
Q

infraspinatus muscle action

A

lateral rotation, rotator cuff

46
Q

teres minor proximal attachment

A

middle part of lateral border of scap

47
Q

teres minor distal attachment

A

inferior facet of greater tubercle

48
Q

teres minor innervation

A

axillary nerve (C5, C6)

49
Q

teres minor muscle action

A

lateral rotation, rotator cuff

50
Q

teres major proximal attachment

A

inferior angle of scap

51
Q

teres major distal attachment

A

medial lip of intertubercular sulcus

52
Q

teres major innervation

A

lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6)

53
Q

subscapularis proximal attachment

A

subscapular fossa

54
Q

subscapularis distal attachment

A

lesser tubercle

55
Q

subscapularis innervation

A

upper and lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6, C7)

56
Q

subscap muscle action

A

medial rotation, rotator cuff

57
Q

quadrangular space borders

A 
right two fingers over left index finger under left middle finger
left middle: teres minor
left index: teres major
right middle: humerus
right index: long head triceps
58
Q

structures passing through quadrangular space

A

axillary nerve

posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein

59
Q

coracobrachialis proximal attachment

A

coracoid process

60
Q

coracobrachialis distal attachment

A

middle 1/3rd of medial surface of humerus

61
Q

coracobrachialis innervation

A

musculocutaneous (C5, C6, C7)

62
Q

coracobrachialis muscle action

A

flex and adduct arm

63
Q

biceps long head proximal attachment

A

supraglenoid tubercle

64
Q

biceps long head distal attachment

A

radial tuberosity

65
Q

biceps long head and short head innervation

A

musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7)

66
Q

biceps long head muscle action

A

supinates forearm, flexes forearm when supinated

67
Q

biceps short head proximal attachment

A

coracoid process

68
Q

biceps short head distal attachment

A

radial tuberosity

69
Q

triceps long head proximal attachment

A

infraglenoid tubercle

70
Q

triceps long head, medial and lateral head distal attachment

71
Q

triceps long head, medial head, lateral head innervation

A

radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)

72
Q

triceps action

A

chief extensor of forearm

73
Q

triceps medial head proximal attachment

A

humerus below radial groove

74
Q

triceps lateral head proximal attachment

A

humerus above radial groove

75
Q

anconeus proximal attachment

A

lateral epicondyle

76
Q

anconeus distal attachment

77
Q

anconeus innervation

A

radial nerve (C7, C8, T1)

78
Q

anconeus muscle action

A

aids triceps in extension, stabilize elbow

79
Q

triangular space borders

A

superior border: teres minor
inferior border: teres major
lateral border: long head of triceps

80
Q

what structure goes through triangular space

A

scapular circumflex artery

81
Q

triangular interval borders

A

superior border: teres major
medial border: lateral border of triceps
lateral border: medial head of triceps

82
Q

what structure goes through triangular interval

A

radial artery

profunda brachii artery

83
Q

brachialis proximal attachment

A

distal half of anterior surface of humerus

84
Q

brachialis distal attachment

A

coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity

85
Q

brachialis innervation

A 
musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)
radial nerve (C5, C7)
86
Q

borders of cubital fossa

A

superior: imaginary line between medial and lateral epicondyles
medial: lateral boundary of pronator teres
lateral: medial border of brachioradialis

87
Q

what structures go through carpal tunnel

A

median nerve
tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus
tendon of flexor pollicis longus

88
Q

mallet/ baseball finger injury

A

tear in terminal slip @ DIP joint

distal interphalangeal joint is flexed

89
Q

boutonniere’s deformity

A

tear in middle slip @ PIP joint

distal interphalangeal joint is hyperextended

90
Q

musculocutaneous nerve roots

A

C5, C6, C7

91
Q

axillary nerve roots

92
Q

radial nerve roots

A

C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

93
Q

median nerve roots

A

C6, C7, C8, T1

94
Q

ulnar nerve roots

Gross Anatomy I (4 decks)

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