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gross anatomy > brachial plexus and axillary artery > Flashcards

brachial plexus and axillary artery Flashcards

1
Q

Which spinal nerves form the brachial plexus?

A

C5-T1

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2
Q

How many trunks do the spinal nerves form?

A

3

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3
Q

How many divisions are formed by each trunk?

A

2 each; 6 total

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4
Q

The anterior and posterior divisions join to form how many cords?

A

3

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5
Q

Name the cords of the brachial plexus.

A

Medial cord, lateral cord, and posterior cord.

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6
Q

The cords are named in relation to which structure?

A

Axillary artery

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7
Q

Which brachial plexus nerves branch directly off of spinal nerves?

A

Long thoracic nerve and dorsal scapular nerve.

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8
Q

Segmental innervation of long thoracic nerve.

A

C5-C7

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9
Q

Segmental innervation of dorsal scapular nerve.

A

C5

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10
Q

What structures does the long thoracic nerve supply?

A

Serratus anterior

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11
Q

What structures does the dorsal scapular nerve supply?

A

Rhomboid major and minor, levator scapula, acromioclavicular joint

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12
Q

Which nerves branch off of the medial cord?

A

Medial pectoral nerve, medial brachial cutaneous nerve, medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve, ulnar nerve, part of median nerve.

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13
Q

Which spinal nerves form the upper trunk?

A

C5 and C6

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14
Q

Which spinal nerves form the middle trunk?

A

C7

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15
Q

Which spinal nerves form the lower trunk?

A

C8 and T1

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16
Q

Which divisions form the lateral cord?

A

The anterior divisions of the upper and middle trunks.

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17
Q

Which divisions form the medial cord?

A

The anterior division of the lower trunk.

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18
Q

Which divisions form the posterior cord?

A

The posterior divisions of all three trunks.

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19
Q

What is the segmental innervation of the lateral cord?

A

C5, C6, and C7

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20
Q

What is the segmental innervation of the medial cord?

A

C8 and T1

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21
Q

What is the segmental innervation of the posterior cord?

A

C5-T1

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22
Q

Which nerves branch directly off of the upper trunk?

A

The suprascapular nerve and the nerve to the subclavius.

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23
Q

Which structures does the suprascapular nerve supply?

A

The supraspinatus, the infraspinatus, and the shoulder joint.

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24
Q

What is the segmental innervation of the suprascapular nerve?

A

C5 and C6

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25
Q

What is the segmental innervation of the nerve to the subclavius?

A

C5 and C6

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26
Q

Which structures does the nerve to the subclavius supply?

A

The subclavius, the diaphragm, and the sternoclavicular joint

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27
Q

What is the name of the branch off of the nerve to the subclavian leading to the diaphragm?

A

The accessory phrenic nerve.

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28
Q

Which cords form the median nerve?

A

The lateral and medial cords?

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29
Q

What is the segmental innervation of the median nerve?

A

C6-T1

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30
Q

Which muscles are supplied by the median nerve?

A

Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus, half of flexor digitorum profundus, and most of the thenar muscles.

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31
Q

The median nerve supplies which joints?

A

Elbow and wrist

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32
Q

Which skin areas are supplied by the median nerve?

A

Lateral 3/4 of the palmar surface of the hand and palmar and dorsal aspects of the first 3 1/2 digits.

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33
Q

Which nerve branch exclusively off of the lateral cord?

A

The lateral pectoral nerve and the musculocutaneous nerve.

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34
Q

What is the segmental innervation of lateral pectoral nerve?

A

C5-C7

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35
Q

Which structures are supplied by the lateral pectoral nerve?

A

Pectoralis major

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36
Q

What is the segmental innervation of the musculocutaneous nerve?

37
Q

What is the name of the muscles the musculocutaneous nerve runs through?

A

The coracobrachialis

38
Q

What is the name of the musculocutaneous nerve when it continues into the forearm?

A

The lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve.

39
Q

Motor supply of the the musculocutaneous nerve?

A

Coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, brachialis.

40
Q

Articular supply of the musculocutaneous nerve?

A

Elbow joint

41
Q

Cutaneous supply of the musculocutaneous nerve?

A

Lateral aspect of the forearm.

42
Q

Which nerves exclusively branch off the medial cord?

A

Medial pectoral nerve, medial brachial cutaneous nerve, medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve, ulnar nerve.

43
Q

Segmental innervation of the medial pectoral nerve?

44
Q

Structures supplied by the medial pectoral nerve?

A

Pectoralis major and pectoralis minor

45
Q

Segmental innervation of the medial brachial nerve?

46
Q

Structures supplied by the medial brachial nerve?

A

Skin of medial aspect of the arm

47
Q

Segmental innervation of the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve?

48
Q

Structures supplied by the medial antebrachial nerve?

A

Medial aspect of the forearm.

49
Q

Segmental innervation of the ulnar nerve?

50
Q

Structures supplied by the ulnar nerve?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris, 1/2 flexor digitorum profundus, hypothenar mucles, elbow and wrist joints, 1/4 medial palm, dorsum of hand, digit 5 and 1/2 of 4.

51
Q

Which nerves branch off the posterior cord?

A

The upper subscapular nerve, lower subscapular nerve, thoracodorsal nerve, axillary nerve, radial nerve.

52
Q

Segmental innervation of the upper subscapular nerve?

53
Q

Structures supplied by the upper subscapular nerve?

A

Subscapularis

54
Q

Segmental innervation of the lower subscapular nerve?

55
Q

Structures supplied by the lower subscapular nerve?

A

Subscapularis and teres major

56
Q

Segmental innervation of the thoracodorsal nerve?

A

C6, C7, C8

57
Q

Structures supplied by the thoracodorsal nerve?

A

Latissimus dorsi

58
Q

Segmental innervation of the axillary?

59
Q

Structures supplied by the axillary nerve?

A

Deltoid, teres minor, shoulder joint, skin of lateral arm.

60
Q

Branch of axillary nerve supplying the skin of the lateral arm?

A

Lateral brachial cutaneous nerve.

61
Q

Segmental innervation of the radial nerve?

62
Q

Motor supply of the radial nerve?

A

Triceps brachii, aconeus, all posterior forearm muscles.

63
Q

Articular supply of radial nerve?

A

Elbow and wrist joints

64
Q

Cutaneous supply of the radial nerve?

A

Posterior arm and forearm, dorsum of hand, small area below thumb on palm.

65
Q

Dermatome of C4

A

Skin over acromion process

66
Q

Dermatome of C5

A

Lateral arm

67
Q

Dermatome of C6

A

Lateral forearm and digits one and two

68
Q

Dermatome of C7

A

Skin of palm, digits 2-4

69
Q

Dermatome of C8

A

Medial forearm, digit five

70
Q

Dermatome of T1

A

Medial arm

71
Q

Dermatome of T2

A

Skin of axilla

72
Q

Spinal nerves forming a prefixed brachial plexus?

73
Q

Spinal nerves forming a postfixed brachial plexus?

74
Q

Cause of Erb-Duchenne palsy

A

Traction injury of excessive increase of angle between neck and shoulder; damage to C5 and/or C6

75
Q

Symptoms of Erb-Duchenne palsy?

A

Disabled shoulder movements, loss of sensation in C5 and/or C6 dermatomes

76
Q

Cause of Klumpke’s palsy?

A

Injury to C8 and/or T1; forceful abduction of humerus

77
Q

Symptoms of Klumpke’s palsy?

A

Disabled hand and digit movement, loss of sensation in C8 and T1 dermatomes.

78
Q

Condition in which the cords of the brachial plexus and the axillary artery are compressed.

A

Thoracic outlet syndrome

79
Q

The name of the axillary artery before the axilla?

A

Subclavian artery

80
Q

The name of the axillary artery after the axilla?

A

The brachial artery

81
Q

What are the braches of the axillary artery?

A

Superior thoracic, thracoacromial, lateral thoracic, subscapular, anterior humeral circumflex, posterior humeral circumflex.

82
Q

Which structures are supplied by the superior thoracic artery?

A

Pectoralis major and minor, subclavius, thoracic wall.

83
Q

Branches of the thoracoacromial artery

A

Acromial, pectoral, clavicular, and deltoid.

84
Q

Structures supplied by the lateral thoracic artery?

A

Serratus anterior, pectorals, mammary glands, intercostal muscles

85
Q

What are the branches of the subscapular artery?

A

Thoracodorsal and circumflex scapular

86
Q

Structures supplied by the thoracodorsal branch of the subscapular artery

A

Latissimus dorsi and the subscapularis muscles.

87
Q

Structures supplied by the circumflex scapular?

A

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres major and minor, triceps brachii and part of the deltoid

88
Q

Structures supplied by the anterior and posterior humeral circumflex arteries?

A

Deltoid, shoulder joint, teres muscles, and proximal humerus.

gross anatomy (8 decks)

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