BPD

Question 1

What is borderline personality disorder?

Answer 1

Pervasive pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affect, accompanied by marked impulsivity. Onset in early adulthood.

Question 2

What is Marsha linehans model of BPD?

Answer 2

Emotionally vulnerable child (ANS highly sensitive to stress and takes longer to return to baseline)
Brought up in an invalidating environment (personal experiences disqualified and not seen as accurate)

Question 3

What are the four DBT treatment interventions? (MEDI)

Answer 3

1. Mindfulness (aware without judgement)
2. Emotion regulation (understanding emotions, opposite action etc)
3. Distress tolerance (getting through a situation without making it worse, accepting reality as it is)
4. Interpersonal effectiveness

Question 4

Who did Jeffrey young develop schema therapy for?

Answer 4

Clients with personality difficulties who don’t respond to traditional CBT

Question 5

Schema therapy places greater emphasis on what 5/factors?

Answer 5

1. Therapeutic relationship
2. Affect and mood
3. Childhood origins of current problems
4. Lifelong coping styles
5. Maladaptive schemas

Question 6

What are schemas (Jeffrey young)

Answer 6

Cognitive and emotional constructs regarding self and others beginning in childhood or adolescence due to core emotional needs not being met.

Question 7

What is a schema mode?

Answer 7

Set of schemas a person is manifesting at any moment in time

Question 8

What are the 5 schema domains?

Answer 8

1. Disconnection and rejection (i.e., abandonment/instability)
2. Impaired autonomy and performance (i.e., dependence/incompetence)
3. Impaired limits (i.e., entitlement/grandiosity)
4. Other directedness (i.e., self-sacrifice, approval seeking)
5. Over vigilance and inhibition (i.e., emotional inhibition, negativity/pessimism)

Question 9

What is the core treatment aim of schema therapy?
What is ‘limited reparenting’?

Answer 9

Change dysfunctional patterns of coping and heal schemas
Therapist aims to meet clients unmet core emotional needs from childhood (within appropriate boundaries)

Question 10

What are 4 common schema modes of BPD?

Answer 10

Angry child (feels enraged because core needs of vulnerable child not being met)
Vulnerable abandoned child
Detached protector (detaches emotionally from people and rejects their help)
Punitive parent (believes self or others deserve punishment or blame)

Question 11

What is the healthy adult schema mode?

Answer 11

Nurtures and affirms vulnerable child mode
Sets limits for angry child mode

Question 12

What are the 3 casual factors for BPD according to the fonargy and Batman’s mental ideation model?

Answer 12

1. Disrupted attachment causes problems in normal mentalisation development
2. Separation intolerance (fear of abandonment)
3. Reduced mentalisation ( psychic equivalence, i.e., feel rejected so must be rejecting me)