BP measurement & 3rd degree AV Block

Question 1

3rd degree of AV block?

Answer 1

It is when AV node is completely blocked so there is. no signal passed from SA node to AV node
No synchrony between P wave and QRS complex
Depolarization of ventricle depends on the pacemaker sites within the ventricle

Question 2

BP measurement

Answer 2

The first pulse sound to be heard is a systolic pressure which the pressure of the cuff is overcome by the highest arterial pressure. When the cuff deflates, there will be one point which no sound will be heard and that on diastolic pressure.
Highest pressure during the ventricular systole when heat contracts = systolic pressure
Lowest pressure at the end of the ventricular diastole = diastole pressure

Question 3

What is BP?

Formula?

Answer 3

It is a pressure that blood exerts against the walls of the arteries and veins that transport it
BP = CO X PVR
CO = SV X HR
Cardiac output = measurement of blood flow through the heart to systemic circulation per min
Stoke vol. = is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle per heartbeat
- affected by preload = is the amt of blood left in the left ventricle at the end of ventricular diastole (determined by the amount of blood returning to the heart through veins)
- afterload = in systole, the aortic valve opens as left ventricle contracts which the blood will exert a pressure for the heart to pump the blood
- contractility = as the amt of blood in left ventricle increases, it stretches the muscle. Realignment of muscle for stronger force of contraction
Peripheral vascular resistance
- It is the resistance to blood flow that must be overcome to pump the blood to circulatory system