BP - disorder at the neuron level

Question 1

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Answer 1

disease in which motor neurons begin to die in the brain & spinal cord (stiff muscles, muscle twitching)

Question 2

multiple sclerosis

Answer 2

immune system attack the myelin sheath, neurons aren’t firing properly (common results in vision loss, muscle weakness, stiff)

Question 3

synapse

Answer 3

• action potential gets to the axon terminal, triggers the release of SYNAPTIC VESICLES (packets containing neurotransmitters, released into the synapse)
• neurotransmitters: float across the gap between neurons & bind to the dendrites of another neuron

Question 4

neurotransmitters

Answer 4

• released at axon terminals, induced changes in other neurons
• can be INHIBITORY/EXCITATORY - send out a signal

Question 5

acetylcholine

Answer 5

• excitatory/inhibitory
• involved in arousal, attention, memory & controls muscle contractions

Question 6

norepinephrine

Answer 6

• mainly excitatory
• released in response to stress
  
  • brain is alert & concentrated on threat
• involved in arousal & mood

Question 7

dopamine

Answer 7

• excitatory/inhibitory
• involved in control of movement & sensations of seeking & responding to pleasure

Question 8

serotonin

Answer 8

• excitatory/inhibitory
• involved in sleep, mood, anxiety, & appetite
• helps inhibit behavioral impulses & dampens negative emotion
  - helps avoid being too quick to anger

Question 9

GABA

Answer 9

• inhibitory
• primarily involved in sleep & inhibiting movement (medications that are GABApentin - reduce the amt of firing)

Question 10

glutamate

Answer 10

• excitatory
• involved in learning, memory formation, nervous system develop., & synaptic plasticity