Bowlby's Theory of Maternal Deprivation Flashcards

1
Q

What is the maternal deprivation hypothesis?

A

Prolonged separation from primary caregiver can have a detrimental effect on the emotional and intellectual development of an infant

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2
Q

The two areas of development affected by maternal deprivation

A

emotional and intellectual development

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3
Q

Define affectionless psychopathy

A

The inability to experience guilt or emotions for others, it is associated with criminality

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4
Q

A study which shows a link between maternal deprivation and poor intellectual development

A

Goldfarb (1947)

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5
Q

Goldfarb (1947) procedure

A
  • Group 1 - first few months in orphanage and then fostered
  • Group 2 -first 3 years in orphanage and then fostered
  • IQ tested up until age of 12
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6
Q

A study which shows a link between maternal deprivation and poor emotional development

A

Bowlby’s 44 thieves (1944)

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7
Q

Bowlby’s 44 thieves (1944) - procedure

A
  • case studies on backgrounds of 44 teens who were referred to clinic because they had been stealing
  • was a control group of emotionally disturbed teens who didn’t steal
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8
Q

Bowlby’s 44 thieves (1944) findings

A
  • 17 of the thieves had experienced frequent separations from mother before age of 2, compared to 2 in the control group
  • 14 thieves diagnosed as affectionless psychopaths
  • 12/14 of these experienced separation from other
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9
Q

Strength - positive impact on post-war thinking

A

Before Bowlby’s research, children were separated from parents when in hospital, visiting was also discouraged

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10
Q

Strength - lots of evidence

A
  • Goldfarb - effects on IQ
  • 44 thieves
  • Harlow’s monkeys

c: Hilda Lewis - replicated 44 thieves study with 500 people
- found different results

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11
Q

Limitation - deprivation vs privation

A

Rutter (1981) - thought long term effects were caused by privation not deprivation
Privation is the failure to form any attachment in the first place

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12
Q
A
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