bowel prep for colonoscopy

Question 1

excellent prep

Answer 1

> 90% of mucosa seen, mostly liquid stool, minimal suctioning needed for adequate visualization

Question 2

good prep

Answer 2

> 90% of mucosa seen, mostly liquid stool, significant suctioning needed for adequate visualization

Question 3

fair prep

Answer 3

> 90% of mucosa seen, mixture of liquid and semi-solid stool, which could be suctioned and/or washed

Question 4

poor prep

Answer 4

<90% of mucosa seen mixture of semi stool and solid stool, which could not be suctioned and/or washed

Question 5

types of bowel prep

Answer 5

isosmotic
hyperosmotic
stimulant laxatives

Question 6

isosmotic bowel prep full volume

Answer 6

Colyte, golytely, nylytely, trilyte

Question 7

isosmotic bowel prep low volume

Answer 7

halflytely (bisacodyl), miralax (bisacodyl), moviprep (ascorbic acid)

Question 8

isosmotic bowel prep - PEG

Answer 8

MOA: osmotic effect causes water to be retained in colon – produces watery stool – think fluid overload (colon cleansing occurs as a result of mechanical drag of fecal debris by the fluid load) – concentration of electrolytes in the solution causes no net absorption or secretion of ions; thus no sig changes in water or electrolyte balance occur – nontoxic to the body – does not work on nerves or muscles of the gut
Advantages: no mucosal damage – minimal osmotic fluid shifts – safer than sodium phosphate based solutions in pts with impaired renal function, CHF, cirrhosis, or baseline electrolyte abnormalities
Disadvantages: large volume fo fluid
Unpalatable taste
Safety: excellent
Complications: hypothermia – intestinal perforation - aspiration – Mallory Weiss tear