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bottom right Flashcards

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1
Q

ketone to alcohol

A

reducing bonds to oxygen = reduction = NaBH4 and makes secondary alcohols

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2
Q

Aldehyde to alcohol

A

Reduction - reducing bonds to oxygen from double to single = NaBH4

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3
Q

Alcohol to carboxylic acid

A

oxidation = Cr2O72-/H+ (reflux) increases bonds to oxygen = Cr ion gets reduced

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4
Q

Alcohol to ketone

A

secondary alcohol only due to O in middle = oxidation = Cr2O72-/H+ + heat - no reaction with tollens

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5
Q

Alcohol to Aldehyde

A

oxidation primary alcohol = Cr2O72-/H+ - cold

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6
Q

Aldehyde to Carboxylic acid

A

Oxidation - Cr2O72-/H+ reflux

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7
Q

carboxylic acid to carboxylate ion

A

NH3 (warm) Acid + base reaction = carboxylate ion + NH4+

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8
Q

carboxylate ion to amide

A

heat - substitution

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9
Q

ester to amide

A

Hydrolysis NH3 (alc)

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10
Q

ester to alcohol

A

hydrolysis h20/H+

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11
Q

ester to carboxylate ion

A

hydrolysis - alcohol

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12
Q

ester to carboxylic acid

A

hydrolysis H2O/H+

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13
Q

carboxylic acid to acid chloride

A

substitution SOCl2 reflux

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14
Q

acid chloride to carboxylic acid

A

substitution H2O

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15
Q

acid chloride to amide

A

substitution NH3 (alc) warm

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16
Q

carboxylate ion to amide

A

substitution heat

17
Q

amide to carboxylate ion

A

Hydrolysis NaOH (NH3)

18
Q

amide to carboxylic acid

A

Hydrolysis H3O+ (NH4+)

19
Q

acid chloride to ester

A

condensation (ethanol) violent reaction to water

20
Q

carboxylic acid to ester

A

condensation water

21
Q

aldehyde to ester

A

condensation primary alcohol

22
Q

amide to polyamide

A

polymerisation

organic chem (2 decks)

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