Bottom Line Intro

Question 1

What is the study of the structure of the human body

Answer 1

Anatomy

Question 2

This type of anatomy considers the body as organized into segments or parts

Answer 2

Regional anatomy

Question 3

This type of anatomy sees the body as organized into organ systems

Answer 3

Systemic anatomy

Question 4

This type of anatomy emphasizes application of anatomical knowledge to the practice of medicine

Answer 4

Clinical anatomy

Question 5

These are descriptive terms standardized in an international reference guide

Answer 5

Anatomical terms

Question 6

Are eponyms used in clinical settings

Answer 6

YES SIR

Question 7

Are eponyms recommended

Answer 7

NO

Question 8

These are based on the body in the anatomical position

Answer 8

Anatomical directions

Question 9

How many planes divide the body

Answer 9

4

Question 10

What are the 4 planes that divide the body

Answer 10

Frontal, sagittal, median, and transverse

Question 11

Are anatomical variations common

Answer 11

YES’M

Question 12

What does the integumentary consist of

Answer 12

Epidermis, dermis, and specialized structures

Question 13

What are the specialized structures of the integumentary system

Answer 13

Hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands

Question 14

This divides muscles into groups

Answer 14

Intermuscular septa

Question 15

This invests individual muscles and neurovascular bundles

Answer 15

Investing fascia

Question 16

This lies between musculoskeletal walls and the serous membranes lining the body cavaties

Answer 16

Subserous fascia

Question 17

This holds tendons in place

Answer 17

Retinacula

Question 18

What are closed sacs formed of serous membrane

Answer 18

Bursae

Question 19

What do bursae enable

Answer 19

One structure to move freely over another

Question 20

What can the skeletal system be divided into

Answer 20

The axial and appendicular skeletons

Question 21

What are the 4 tissues that compose the skeleton

Answer 21

1. Cartilage
2. Bone
3. Periosteum
4. Perichondrium

Question 22

What are the 2 types of bone

Answer 22

Spongy and compact

Question 23

How do you divide spongy and compact bone

Answer 23

Based on the amount of solid matter

Question 24

What are the 5 classifications of bone

Answer 24

1. Long
2. Short
3. Flat
4. Irregular
5. Sesamoid

Question 25

What are the 2 processes in which bone grows

Answer 25

1. Intramembranous ossification | 2. Endochondral ossification

Question 26

When does intramembranous ossification occur

Answer 26

During the embryonic and prenatal periods

Question 27

How does intramembranous ossification form bone

Answer 27

Mesenchymal cells are turned into bone

Question 28

When does endochondral ossification occur

Answer 28

After birth

Question 29

How does endochondral ossification occur

Answer 29

Cartilage is replaced by bone

Question 30

What is a union between 2 or more bones or rigid parts of the skeleton

Answer 30

A joint

Question 31

What are the 3 types of joints

Answer 31

1. Fibrous 2. Cartilaginous 3. Synovial

Question 32

What are freely movable joints

Answer 32

Synovial

Question 33

What are the 6 classifications of synovial joints

Answer 33

1. Plane 2. Hinge 3. Saddle 4. Condyloid 5. Ball and socket 6. Pivot

Question 34

How do synovial joints receive their blood supply

Answer 34

From articular arteries that often form networks

Question 35

What are anastomoses

Answer 35

Arteries that form a network

Question 36

Are synovial joints richly innervated by nerves

Answer 36

YOU KNOW IT

Question 37

What are the 3 categories of muscles

Answer 37

1. Skeletal striated 2. Cardiac striated 3. Smooth

Question 38

What are the 6 classifications of skeletal muscles

Answer 38

1. Flat 2. Pennate 3. Fusiform 4. Quadrate 5. Circular or sphincteral 6. Mutli - headed or multi - bellied

Question 39

What is a prime mover

Answer 39

The muscles primarily responsible for particular movements

Question 40

What are fixators

Answer 40

"Fix" a part of a limb while another part of the limb is moving; mainly used during isometric contractions

Question 41

What are synergists

Answer 41

They aide the action of the prime mover

Question 42

What are antagonists

Answer 42

They oppose the actions of other muscles

Question 43

This muscle type is found in the walls of the heart and some major arteries

Answer 43

Cardiac

Question 44

What are the 3 layers of arteries and veins

Answer 44

1. Tunica intima 2. Tunica media 3. Tunica adventita

Question 45

This system drains surplus fluid from extracellular spaces to the bloodstream

Answer 45

Lymphoid system

Question 46

What is inflammation of lymphatic vessels and/or enlargement of lymph node an indicator of

Answer 46

Possible injury, infection, or disease

Question 47

What are the 2 divisions of the nervous system

Answer 47

1. CNS | 2. PNS

Question 48

What is a collection of nerve cell bodies in the CNS

Answer 48

Nucleus

Question 49

What is a collection of nerve cell bodies in the PNS

Answer 49

Ganglion

Question 50

What is a bundle of nerve fibers that connects the nuclei in the CNS

Answer 50

Tract

Question 51

What is a bundle of nerve fibers, the CT holding it together, and the blood vessels serving it constitute

Answer 51

A nerve

Question 52

What are the 2 divisions of the ANS

Answer 52

1. Sympathetic | 2. Parasympathetic

Question 53

What can the ANS be subdivided into

Answer 53

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 54

What is found in the intermediolateral cell columns (IML) of gray matter in the thoracolumbar spinal cord

Answer 54

Presynaptic cell bodies of the sympathetic division

Question 55

Where do presynaptic nerve fibers terminte

Answer 55

In sympathetic ganglia

Question 56

What are located in the sympathetic trunks or around the roots of the major branches of the abdominal aorta

Answer 56

Sympathetic ganglia

Question 57

What are found in the gray matter of the brainstem and sacral segments of the spinal cord

Answer 57

Cell bodies of the presynaptic neurons of the parasympathetic division

Question 58

What are located in or on the structure being innervated

Answer 58

Cell bodies of postsynaptic parasympathetic neurons of the trunk

Question 59

What are organized into discrete ganglia

Answer 59

Cell bodies of postsynaptic parasympathetic neurons of the head

Question 60

True or False: | The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions usually have opposite but coordinated effects

Answer 60

True

Question 61

What does the sympathetic system facilitate

Answer 61

Emergency responses

Question 62

Where is the parasympathetic division distributed

Answer 62

Viscera of head, neck, and cavities of the trunk and erectile tissues of the genitalia

Question 63

What is the parasympathetic division primarily concerned with

Answer 63

Body conservation

Question 64

True or False: Some nerves distributing autonomic nerve fibers to the body cavities also convey visceral sensory nerve fibers from the viscera that conduct impulses for pain or reflexes

Answer 64

True