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Botany > Botany Lab > Flashcards

Botany Lab Flashcards

1
Q

Importance of Plant to Human and animals

A
  1. Food
  2. Fiber
  3. Fuel
  4. Medicine
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2
Q

Microscope is invented by:

A

Gallleo Galloi
Zaccharias Jansen & Hans Lipperhey

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3
Q

Microscope is invented by:

A

Gallleo Galloi
Zaccharias Jansen & Hans Lipperhey

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4
Q

Uses of micrascope

A

Botanical Field
Biological Field
Crime Investigation
Educational Field
Medical Field

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5
Q

Types of microscope.

A

Simple Microscope
2 fight microscope a Compound
b. Desecting (stereomicroscop
3 electron microscope
Transtion Electron Microscope
Scanning Electron Microscope
Scanning Tunneling Microscopi

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6
Q

The chromosome are at the poles, and are becoming more diffuse. The nuclear envelope reforming
The

A

Telophase

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7
Q

The chromatids of each chromosome have separated and are moving toward the poles.

A

Anaphase

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8
Q

The chromatids of each chromosome have separated and are moving toward the poles.

A

Anaphase

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9
Q

Thick colled chromosomes, each with two chromatids, are lined up on the metaphase plate.

A

Metaphase

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10
Q

an instrument that can magnify images of cells and tissues up to hundreds or even thousand times of their actual size.

A

Microscope

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11
Q

First perfected the device known as microscope

A

Galileo Galileo

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12
Q

first men to develop the concept of compound microscope

A

Zaccharias Janssen & Hans Lipperhey –

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13
Q

– require most material being examined to be sliced thinly enough for the light to pass through.

A

a. Compound

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14
Q

allow three dimensional viewing of opaque objects.

A

b. Dissecting (stereomicroscope) –

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15
Q

detailed images of tiny structures within the cell)

A
  1. electron microscope
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16
Q

can magnify up to 200, 000 and more.

A

Transition Electron Microscope -

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17
Q

urface detail of thick objects can be observe when the scanner makes the object visible on a cathode tube like a TV screen.

A

Scanning Electron Microscope – s

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18
Q

uses minute probe that tunnels electrons upon a sample.

A

Scanning Tunneling Microscope –

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19
Q

uses minute probe that tunnels electrons upon a sample.

A

Scanning Tunneling Microscope –

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20
Q

1.Separates the objective and the eyepiece and assures continuous alignment of the optics.

A

Body tube

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21
Q

2.Holds the objective lenses
3

A

Revolving nosepiece

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22
Q
  1. Magnifies 10x and is useful for examining large specimens or surveying many smaller specimens
A

Low power objective lens

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23
Q

4.Shortest objective and is useful for getting a general overview of a slide.

A

Scanning objective lens

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24
Q

Magnifies 40x and is ideal for observing very fine detail.

A

High-power objective lens

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25
Q

6.Holds the slide in place

A

Stage clip

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26
Q

7.regulates the amount of light on the specimen

A

Diaphragm

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27
Q

7.regulates the amount of light on the specimen

A

Diaphragm

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28
Q

8.projects light upward through the diaphragm, the specimen and the lenses.

A

Light source

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29
Q

9.Contains the ocular lens, used to view specimen

A

Eyepiece

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30
Q

10.Used to support the microscope when carried

A

Arm

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31
Q
  1. Supports the slides being viewed
A

Stage

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32
Q

12.Moves the stage up and down for focusing

A

Coarse adjustment knob

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33
Q

13.Moves the stage slightly to sharpen image

A

Fine adjustment knob

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34
Q
  1. Supports the microscope
A

Base

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35
Q
  1. Supports the microscope
A

Base

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36
Q

Describe how to properly carry a microscope from one place to another.

A

Carry with both hands. Grasp the arm with one hand and place the other hand
under the base for support.

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37
Q

How do you properly focus on a specimen?

A

a. Move the stage down to its lowest position. b. Place the glass slide onto the stage. Be careful pushing it under the clips
that the cover slide doesn’t move or crack.
C. Select the lowest power objective lens. Use the lowest magnification first to
achieve best focus.
d. Turn the coarse focus knob slowly until you can see the cells.
e. Turn the fine focus knob slowly until the cells are in focus and you can see them
clearly.

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38
Q

How do you properly focus on a specimen?

A

a. Move the stage down to its lowest position. b. Place the glass slide onto the stage. Be careful pushing it under the clips
that the cover slide doesn’t move or crack.
C. Select the lowest power objective lens. Use the lowest magnification first to
achieve best focus.
d. Turn the coarse focus knob slowly until you can see the cells.
e. Turn the fine focus knob slowly until the cells are in focus and you can see them
clearly.

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39
Q
  1. Some microscopes have a fourth lens called the oil immersion objective (010).
    How is this used and how much is the magnifying power?
A

Oil immersion objective is used for examining details of individual cells (e.g. red
blood cells). Its magnifying power is 1000x.

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40
Q
  1. Discuss parfocal lenses.
A

Parfocal lens is a lens that stays in focus when magnification/focal length is
changed.

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41
Q

A person tells you to close one eye when looking through a microscope so that you will properly see the object. Will you follow the person’s advice? Why or
why not?

A

Do not follow the person’s advice. Look through the microscope with both eyes
open to avoid eye strain.

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42
Q

What consists of the vegetative part and the reproductive part of the shoot
system?

A

• Vegetative part- roots, stems, shoot, buds, leaves
Reproductive part- flowers, seeds

43
Q
  • roots, stems, shoot, buds, leaves
A

• Vegetative part

44
Q

flowers, seeds

A

Reproductive part-

45
Q

flowers, seeds

A

Reproductive part-

46
Q

flowers, seeds

A

Reproductive part-

47
Q

Floral parts in multiples of 3

A

Monocot

48
Q

Two cotyledon

A

Dicot

49
Q

Floral parts in multiples of 4 or 5
3.

A

Dicot

50
Q

Floral parts in multiples of 4 or 5
3.

A

Dicot

51
Q

Long, narrow leat, parallel veins

A

Monocot

52
Q

Long, narrow leat, parallel veins

A

Monocot

53
Q

Broad leaf, network of veins

A

Dicot

54
Q

Single cotyledon
Long, narrow leat, parallel veins
Vascular bundles scattered
Floral parts in multiples of 3

A

Monocot

55
Q

Two cotyledon
Broad leaf, network of veins
Vascular bundles in a ring
Floral parts in multiples of 4 or 5

A

Dicot

56
Q

(flowering plants) have seeds enclosed within an ovary

A

Angiosperms

57
Q

have no flowers/fruits and have enclosed/naked seeds.

A

gymnosperms

58
Q

all the parts below the ground

A

Roots System –

59
Q

branching structure that extend into spaces in the soil and absorb water and mineral nutrients delivering them to rest of the plant.

A

Roots –

60
Q

– where some plant store starches (ex. Potato) for them to grow year after year, the energy in starch allow them to grow even though they don’t have leaves for photosynthesis.

A

Tubers

61
Q

– secondary plant stem that grows horizontally
-provides stability for the plant esp. it grows supplemental roots (grasses)

A

Rhizome

62
Q
  • vegetative or structural part – stem (central structure, connects other parts to the roots) and leaves
A

Shoot System

63
Q
  • vegetative or structural part – stem (central structure, connects other parts to the roots) and leaves
A

Shoot System

64
Q

-reproductive part – – contains plants reproductive organ, some are hermaphroditic (contains both male and female reproductive organ

A

Flower

65
Q

-reproductive part – – contains plants reproductive organ, some are hermaphroditic (contains both male and female reproductive organ

A

Flower

66
Q

The nucleolus and the nuclear envelope are distinct and the chromosomes are in the form of threadlike
chromatin.

A

Interphase

67
Q

The chromosomes appear condensed, and the nuclear envelope in not
apparent.

A

Prophase

68
Q

Thick, coiled chromosomes, each with two chromatids, are lined up on the
metaphase plate.

A

Metaphase

69
Q

The chromatids of each chromosome have separated and are moving toward
the poles.

A

Anaphase

70
Q

The chromosomes are at the poles, and are becoming more diffuse. The nuclear envelope is reforming. The cytoplasm may be
dividing.

A

Telophase

71
Q

(part of telophase) Division into two daughter
cells is completed.

A

Cytokinesis

72
Q

What occurs during each stage of Mitosis?

A

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

73
Q

8 stages(including interphase)

A

Meiosis

74
Q

Happens in somatic cells

A

Mitosis

75
Q

Happens in somatic cells

A

Mitosis

76
Q

Purpose: cellular proliferation

A

Mitosis

77
Q

4 stages(including interphase)

A
78
Q

Purpose: sexual reproduction

A

Meiosis

79
Q

Chromosome number is halved in each
daughter cell

A

Meiosis

80
Q

Chromosome number is halved in each
daughter cell

A

Meiosis

81
Q

Chromosome number remains the same

A

Mitosis

82
Q

Genetic variation increased

A

Meiosis

83
Q

Genetic variation doesn’t change

A

Mitosis

84
Q

Genetic variation doesn’t change

A

Mitosis

85
Q

Genetic variation doesn’t change

A

Mitosis

86
Q

Importance of meiosis

A

Mitosis is important for growth especially in young and embryonic organisms
It also replenishes old and sick cells.
Maintain uniformity within species.

87
Q

:
digests food.

A

Lysosome

88
Q

:
metabolizes
waste

A

Peroxisome

89
Q

: DNA plus
associated proteins.

A

Chromatin

90
Q

Reserve food stored in the form of starch

A

Plant cell

91
Q

Reserve food stored in the form of starch

A

Plant cell

92
Q

Reserve food stored in the form of starch

A

Plant cell

93
Q

Reserve food stored in the form of glycogen

A

Animal cell

94
Q

entrosome isabsent but two small clearareas called holarcan
are present. These participate in cell division

A

Plant. Cell

95
Q

Prominent andhighly complex olor hodies present near the nucleus

A

Animal cell

96
Q

genes and their function

A

Genomics -

97
Q

– Plant function

A

Plant physiology

98
Q

practical uses of plants and plant products

A

Economic botany and ethnobotany –

99
Q

practical uses of plants and plant products

A

Economic botany and ethnobotany –

100
Q

science of cell structure and function, how cells multiply, how their various components perform, and sexual reproduction

A

Cell biology –

101
Q

science of cell structure and function, how cells multiply, how their various components perform, and sexual reproduction

A

Cell biology –

102
Q

study of how and why plants are distributed

A

Plant geography –

103
Q

study of how and why plants are distributed

A

Plant geography –

Botany (2 decks)

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