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DIL Subjects > Botany (Flowers) > Flashcards

Botany (Flowers) Flashcards

1
Q

Stigma

A

Slightly enlarged tip of the style on which pollen is deposited at pollination

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2
Q

Style

A

a long and thin filament that serves as a passageway for pollen grains to move from the stigma to the ovary

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3
Q

Ovary

A

a swollen basal part of a pistil which carries the ovule or eggs (yellow); where fertilized eggs develop

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4
Q

Carpel (Gynoecium)

A

The female reproductive part of a flower. It is collectively known as the Pistil.

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5
Q

If Carpel (Gynoecium) has a signle carpel

A

Monocarpous

Unicarpellate

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6
Q

If Carpel (Gynoecium) has multiple, distinct (free, unfused) carpels

A

Apocarpous

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7
Q

If a gynoecium has multiple carpels fused (connate) into a single structure

A

Syncarpous

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8
Q

Anther

A

where pollens are formed

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9
Q

Filament

A

a stalk holding the pollen at the tip

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10
Q

Stamen (Androecium)

A

the male reproductive part of a flower

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11
Q

Petal (Corolla)

A

the innermost whorl surrounding the flowers reproductive parts. It is usually brightly colored to attract pollinators

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12
Q

Two parts of a Stamen

A

Anther and Filament

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13
Q

Two parts of a floral envelope or Perianth

A

Petal and Sepal

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14
Q

Receptacle (torus)

A

thickened part of a stem from which the flower grows

found at the tip of the peduncle and is usually swollen

Can form four types of modified leaves: sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels.

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15
Q

Peduncle

A

a stalk supporting the flower

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16
Q

Two parts of a floral stalk

A

receptacle and peduncle

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17
Q

Day blooming flowers are generally:

A

brightly colored

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18
Q

Night blooming flowers are generally:

A

white, creamy or yellowish

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19
Q

Flower with fragrant odor

A

Ilang Ilang (Cananga odorata)

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20
Q

Flower with stinky odor

A

Corpse flower (Amorphophallus titanum)

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21
Q

Complete Flowers

A

when the four main parts (petal sepal, stamen and carpe) are present

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22
Q

Incomplete

A

when one or more of the main parts are not present

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23
Q

Perfect flowers

A

contain both stamen and carpel

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24
Q

Bisexual or Hermaphroditic flowers

A

Perfect Flowers

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25
Q

Imperfect flowers

A

only have either stamen or carpel

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26
Q

Unisexual Flowers

A

Imperfect Flowers

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27
Q

Pistillate flower

A

an imperfect flower with only the carpel or pistil

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28
Q

Staminate

A

an imperfect flower with only the stamen

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29
Q

Monoecious

A

imperfect flower where both male and female flowers are found on the same plant

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30
Q

Dioecious

A

imperfect flowers are born on separate plants

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31
Q

Polygamous

A

perfect and imperfect flowers are found in a single plant

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32
Q

Regular Flower

A

When the members of each set of organs (Sepals, petals, stamen and carpels) are of the same size and shape.

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33
Q

Irregular flowers

A

When some members of one or more sets of organs are different in size or shape or both.

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34
Q

Irregular flower types:

A

Papilionaceous
Caesalpinaceous
Bilabiate
Orchidaceous

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35
Q

Papilonaceous contain

A

Standard Petal or Banner
Wings or Alae
Keels or Carinae

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36
Q

Standard Petal or Banner

A

Outermost and the largest part of the flower

37
Q

Wings or Alae

A

Two lateral petals

38
Q

Keels or Carinae

A

Two innermost and smallest petal

39
Q

Caesalpinacious contain

A

Wings
Banner
Keel

40
Q

Bilabiate contain

A

upper lip and lower liip

41
Q

Orchidaceous contain

A

Sepals - three outermost whorl
Petals - two outermost wholr
Lip or Labellum - also a petal but with a different shape and size

42
Q

Connation

A

when like parts are fused or united

43
Q

Adnation

A

when unlike parts are fused

44
Q

Regular Flower

A

When the members of each set of organs (Sepals, petals, stamen and carpels) are of the same size and shape.

45
Q

Irregular flowers

A

When some members of one or more sets of organs are different in size or shape or both.

46
Q

Irregular flower types:

A

Papilionaceous
Caesalpinaceous
Bilabiate
Orchidaceous

47
Q

Papilonaceous contain

A

Standard Petal or Banner
Wings or Alae
Keels or Carinae

48
Q

Standard Petal or Banner

A

Outermost and the largest part of the flower

49
Q

Wings or Alae

A

Two lateral petals

50
Q

Keels or Carinae

A

Two innermost and smallest petal

51
Q

Caesalpinacious contain

A

Wings
Banner
Keel

52
Q

Bilabiate contain

A

upper lip and lower liip

53
Q

Orchidaceous contain

A

Sepals - three outermost whorl
Petals - two outermost wholr
Lip or Labellum - also a petal but with a different shape and size

54
Q

Connation

A

when like parts are fused or united

55
Q

Adnation

A

when unlike parts are fused

56
Q

Monocot

A

flower parts are in 3’s or in multiples of 3’s

57
Q

Dicot

A

flower parts are in 4’s or 5’s or in multiples of 4’s or 5’s

58
Q

Actinomorphic

A

Radial Symmetry

59
Q

Zygomorphic

A

bilateral symmetry

60
Q

Radial Symmetry

A

flowers can be divided into 2 equal halves along any plane

61
Q

Bilateral symmetry

A

divided into 2 equal halves only by a medial cut through the central axis

62
Q

Superior or Hypogynous ovary position

A

Sepals and petals are attached below the ovary

63
Q

Half superior/half inferior or Perigynous

A

The sepals and petals are attached at the side of the ovary

64
Q

Different types of Inflorescence

A 
Spike
Raceme
Panicle
Corymb
Cyme
Umbel
Spadix
Catkin/Ament
Fascicle
Head/Capitate
65
Q

Placentae

A

places where the ovules are attached in the ovary

66
Q

Placentation

A

arrangement of placentae inside the ovary

67
Q

Different types of Placentation

A

Axile
Parietal
Marginal
Basal

68
Q

Types of Symmetry

A

Actinomorphic

Zygomorphic

69
Q

Types of Imperfect flowers

A

Monoecious
Dioecious
Polygamous

70
Q

Flowers

A

Modified twigs adapted primarily for reproduction, which ultimately forms the fruit and the seed.

71
Q

Axile

A

The placentae are found at the central axis of a compound ovary

72
Q

Parietal

A

the placentae are found on the wall of a compound ovary

73
Q

Marginal

A

The placentae are located on the wall of a single ovary. A single ovary has one chamber of locule

74
Q

Basal

A

The placentae with a single ovule is found more or less at the base of the ovary

75
Q

Inflorescence

A

Flower clusters

76
Q

Different types of Inflorescence

A 
Spike
Raceme
Panicle
Corymb
Cyme
Umbel
Spadix
Catkin/Ament
Fascicle
Head/Capitate
77
Q

Spike

A

an inflorescence has an elongated axis with sessile (without pedicel) florets.

78
Q

Raceme

A

The elongated axis is unbranched. The flowers are provided with stalks or pedicles of equal lengths and are called pedicellate flowers.

79
Q

Panicle

A

The elongated axis is branched. Flowers are pedicellate, opening all at the same time.

80
Q

Corymb

A

Has more or less flat convex top because of the pedicels bearing the outer, older flowers are longer than the younger flowers at the center.

81
Q

Cyme

A

This infloresence is similar to a corymb except that the inner pedicelled flowers open first

82
Q

Umbel

A

Axis is short so that all the pedicellate flowers radiate from the apex of the axis

83
Q

Spadix

A

fleshy spike bearing both male and female flowers, surrounded by a petaloid bract called the spathe.

84
Q

Catkin/ament

A

Special type of spike which is hanging or drooping. The flowers are usually unisexual.

85
Q

Fascicle

A

pedicelled or sessile flowers are crowded at one side of the stem

86
Q

Head/Capitate

A

similar to umbel but the flowers are sessile. Usually the flowers are of two kinds: the disc flower at the center and the ray flowers at the margin

87
Q

Latin word for Petals

A

Petalum “to spread out”

88
Q

Latin word for Sepals

A

Sepalum “covering”

89
Q

Sepals

A

Usually a green leaf like structure that froms the outermost floral whorl; it protects the inner parts of the flower before it opens.

Sepals are together known as the calyx and can be fused

DIL Subjects (10 decks)

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