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Botany > Botany exam 5 > Flashcards

Botany exam 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Homogamy

A

Pollen and stigma are active at same time

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2
Q

Cleistogamy

A

Pollen is shed from anther to closed stigma

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3
Q

Cross Fertilization

A

requires cross pollination, pollen exchange between flowers or plants

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4
Q

Mixed Breeding systems

A

can operate by self pollination and cross pollination.

- depends on variability of pollinators

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5
Q

Self Fertilization

A

pollination on the same flower or between flowers of the same plant

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6
Q

Cross Pollination

A

added variation

good chance of different genomes and genetic lineages

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7
Q

Protandry

A

Anthers active before pistil/stigma

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8
Q

Protogyny

A

Pistil/Stigma are active before anthers

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9
Q

Endozoochory

A

Dispersal inside an animal

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10
Q

Autochory

A

Self Dispersal

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11
Q

Active Autochory

A

Explosion of seeds

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12
Q

Passive Autochory

A

requires wind or something to brush it so the seeds can fall

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13
Q

Epizoochory

A

Attached to an animal

- spines, hooked hairs, and mucilage

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14
Q

Synzoochory

A

intentional animal movement

- stockpiling (i.e. ants)

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15
Q

What is the cell wall of fungi made of?

A

Chitin

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16
Q

Coenocytic Hyphae

A

Hyphae are that are not divided by septa

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17
Q

Cytoplasmic Continuity

A

Pores in septum allow for exchange of cytoplasm between adjacent cells

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18
Q

Where does growth occur for fungi hyphae?

A

Tips of the hyphae

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19
Q

What are Fungi “Eyes”

A

Specialized structures that can give the fungi information of light levels in environment. Reproduce more, because of changing environment

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20
Q

Chemoheterotrophic

A

Don’t have ability to fix carbon, nitrogen, or photosynthesize

21
Q

Where does nutrition for fungi come from?

A

preformed organic materials: C,N, and energy

22
Q

What is exocellular digestion?

A

Type of digestion for fungi, external digestion

23
Q

What is the storage molecule for fungi

A

Glycogen

24
Q

What are Seprotrophs?

A

Digest dead organic material, mainly plant

25
Q

What are Biotrophs?

A

parasites that need a host, but do not kill their hos

26
Q

What is a Haustorium?

A

Haustorium is a part of the biotrophs, it sends its way into the host cells, cell send the haustorial nutrients.

27
Q

What are Necrotrophs?

A

another parasite that kills their host, then absorbs nutrients

28
Q

What is a perfect fungi?

A

reproduces sexually and asexually

29
Q

What is an imperfect fungi?

A

Only Asexual reproduction

30
Q

Homothallic?

A

mating type that involves one fungus

31
Q

Heterothallic?

A

mating type that are different genetic strains

32
Q

Plasmogamy

A

fusion of the plasma membrane during fungus life cycle

33
Q

Karyogamy

A

Haploid nuclei fuse and create zygote–>zygote then goes through meiosis producing haploid spores

34
Q

Fragmentation

A

type of asexual reproduction, that breaks the mycellium, creating new parts

35
Q

Sclerotia

A

Protective covering

36
Q

Rhizomorphs

A

Hyphael structures made up of a mass of hyphae

37
Q

Phylum Dictyosteliomycota

A

Cellular Slime molds

38
Q

Phylum Myxomycota

A

Plasmodial Slime Molds

- Amoeba like

39
Q

Acrasin

A

allows cellular slime molds to aggregate and form a pseudoplasmodium

40
Q

Pseudoplasmodium

A

formed prior to reproduction

- cluster of cells

41
Q

Slug

A

Migrating colony of slime mold

42
Q

Sorocarp

A

on top of slime mold

- spore producing structure

43
Q

Phylum Oomycota

A

Water Molds

- produces oogonium and antheridium

44
Q

Phylum Chytridiomycota

A

Chytrids

- most primitive of the fungi

45
Q

Phylum Zygomycota

A

Bread Mold

- Zygospore

46
Q

Zygospore

A
  • protection of the zygote
47
Q

Phylum Ascomycota

A

Sac Fungi

48
Q

Ascoma

A

fruiting body

49
Q

Ascus

A

inside Ascoma

- where reproductive strcutures are

Botany (2 decks)

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