Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bot Med II Final > Bot Med II Final Phenolics > Flashcards

Bot Med II Final Phenolics Flashcards

1
Q

secondary metabolite

A

organic compounds that are not directly involved in the normal growth, development, or reproduction of an organism.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Simple phenolic structure

A

aromatic benzene ring with alternate single double bonds with an OH group
smaller

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

phenolic propterties

A
  • anti-inflammatory
  • ring with alternate single double bonds
  • stabilization within ring
  • stabilizes free radicals
  • contributes colors to berries, flowers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

tannin properties

A
  • draw edema
  • tighten surfaces
  • astringent
  • use for open wounds, edema, infection, varicose veins, hemorrhoids, leaky gut
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

tannin structure

A

ester linkages to central glucose molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

examples of tannins

A

geraniin (geranium)
quercus (oak)
hamammelis virginiana (which hazel)
cinnamomum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Coumarins and Furanocoumarins properties

A
  • components of essential oils
  • aromatic
  • volatile
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

fresh cut grass scent

A

coumarin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

anthroquinones and antroquinone glycosides

A

irritant laxative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

furanocoumarins

A

photosensitizing effect

grapefruit juice effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

examples of coumarins and furanocoumarins

A 
coumarins:
archangelicin
umbelliferone
furanocoumarins:
bergapten
psoralen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Chromones and Furanochromones

A
  • derivative of benzo-y-pyrone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Anthraquinone properties

A

pigments
plant based laxatives
purgatives
many occur as glycosides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

lignan prperties

A 
phenolic comounds (flax lignans)
change into phytoestrogen by action of gut flora
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

lignan structure

A

phenol compounds put together head to head or head to tail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

stilbenes

A

phenolic with antioxidant capacity
resveatrol
cardioprotective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

flavanoid

A

colorful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

examples of flavones

A

chrysin (in passaflora)
apigenin (in petrosilinum)
luteolin (in cynara)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

flavanoid structure

A

3 aromatic rings (two phenolic and one heterocyclic)

20
Q

flavonol structure and examples

A

double bonded oxygen

- quercitin, kaempherol

21
Q

flavonol structure and examples

A

OH group

22
Q

which are volatile?

A

simple phenolics
comourins
furanocoumarins
*low molecular weight

23
Q

definition of a glycoside

A

molecule with a sugar attached

24
Q

glycone

A

sugar moiety of phenolic glycoside

25
Q

aglycone

A

phenolic portion of phenolic glycosides

26
Q

anthroquinone

A

irritant laxative

27
Q

isoflavones examples

A

genestein, red clover, kudzu

28
Q

what type of molecule is vitex?

A

flavone glycoside

29
Q

anthocyanidins

A 
pH depenedent colorful pigments
carry charge
blue flower
- cyanidin
- peonidin
- petunidin
30
Q

anthocyanins

A

glycosides

anthocyanidins with a sugar moiety

31
Q

proanthocyanidins

A

condensed tannins
astringent
in grapes, pine bark, hawthorn, apples, cocoa
polymers of flavanoid units

32
Q

why do phenolic compounds have antioxidant properties

A

they have conjugated double bonds and resonance stabilization

33
Q

which classes of phenolic compounds act as phytoestrogens?

A

lignans

isoflavones (soy)

34
Q

monoterpene

A

10 carbons

35
Q

sesquiterpene

A

15 carbons

36
Q

diterpene

A

20 carbons

37
Q

triterpene

A

30 carbons

38
Q

tetraterpene

A

40 carbons

39
Q

which terpenes are volatile?

A

mono and sesqui

they are solids

40
Q

resin

A

matrix of diterpenes, triterpenes, and volatile constituents

- terpenes pull essential oil within matrix for protection from injury.

41
Q

amphipathic

A

hydrophobic and hydrophilic heads so can emulsify or grab oil and water on different ends

42
Q

What are saponins

A

amphipathic and can emulsify a solution

43
Q

basic properties of an alkaloid

A

alkaline
contain nitrogen
terpene alkaloid

44
Q

how do we classify chemical substances?

A

based on structure, not their effects on the body

45
Q

polysaccharides

A

musilages
soothing
gooey
*marshmellow root

Bot Med II Final (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions