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Bio ko > Bot Lec (Quiz 2) > Flashcards

Bot Lec (Quiz 2) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is saprophytic?

A

obtaining Nourishments from the dead (decay)

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2
Q

Fungi is?

A

Saprophytic

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3
Q

Ancestor of plants

A

Charophytes

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4
Q

Algae has?

A

Chlorophyll

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5
Q

Chlorophlasts resembles charophytes because-

A

Its DNA and rRNA are similar to plants.

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6
Q

What are the general characteristics?

A
  • Multi-cellular eukaryotes are photosynthetic autotrophs.
  • Contains chloroplasts, chlorophyll A and B
  • Cellwalls contains cellulose.
  • Food reserve is starch stored in plastids.
  • Aerial parts w/ waxy cuticle to avoid desiccation.
  • has stomata for gas exchange.
  • repro. adaptations necessary as plants move from aquatic to terrestrial.
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7
Q

Protective jacket of gametes.

A

Gametangia

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8
Q

Plants are?

A

hydrostatic systems. defends themselves without moving.

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9
Q

Essential characteristics?

A
  • photosynthetic
  • multi-cellular.
  • growth is indeterminate and adapted to gather diffuse resources.
  • shoots consist of simple repeated units exhibiting serial homology.
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10
Q

Causes primary growth, leaves, flowers, occurs shoot roots

A

Apical Meristem

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11
Q

Causes secondary growth, barks on trees, cambium

A

Lateral Meristem

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12
Q

tissue layer found between xylem and phloem

A

Cambium

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13
Q

Example of non-vascular

A

Liverworts, Hornworts, Mosses

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14
Q

Vascular?

A
  • Non-seed bearing

- seed-bearing

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15
Q

Seed-bearing?

A
  • Gymnosperms

- Angiosperms

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16
Q

Angiosperms?

A
  • Monocot

- Dicot

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17
Q

In damp moist areas

A

Non-vascular

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18
Q

Moss? 1-10 cm

A

Bryophytes

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19
Q

Liverworts? lobes 2-20 cm

A

Hepatophyta

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20
Q

Hornworts?

A

Anthocerophyta

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21
Q

transports water and soluble minerals

A

Xylem

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22
Q

Translocates sugars to storage organs like roots, tubers or bulbs

A

Phloem

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23
Q

Leaves with a single unbranded vein

A

Microphylls

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24
Q

Sphenophyta

A

Horsetails : equisetum genus ; species

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25
Q

Psilotophyta

A

Whisk Ferns, No true root, may rhizomes

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26
Q

Lycophyta

A

Selaginella

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27
Q

Pterophyta

A

Ferns

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28
Q

Fronds??

A

Leaves of ferns

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29
Q

Sori??

A

Clustered sporangia

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30
Q

Coniferophyta

A

Conifers ; 550 species, most widespread e.g. pine trees

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31
Q

Cycadophyta

A

Cycas

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32
Q

Ginkgophyta

A

Ginkgo e.g Ginkgo biloba

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33
Q

Gnetophyta

  • Gnetum
  • Ephedra
  • Welwitschia
A
  • with xylem, shrubs, and lianas
  • Ephedra sinica, medicinal
  • Welwitschia mirabilis (Tree tumbo)
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34
Q

Angiosperms

- Antophyta?

A

Bearing flower-like structures

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35
Q

Study of evolutionary history of taxonomic groups

A

Phylogenetics

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36
Q

Classification and naming of organisms

A

Taxonomy

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37
Q

Involved in the determination of evolutionary relationships of organism

A

Systematics

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38
Q

Arrangement of organism

A

Classification

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39
Q

added in taxonomy For gardening?

A

Cultivar

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40
Q

same species, different places

A

subspecies

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41
Q

Simplest cells; w/o nucleus

A

Monera

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42
Q

Eukaryotes; has nucleus but no tissues e.g Algae, Fungi

A

Protista

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43
Q

Tissues; Photosynthesis

A

Vegetabilia

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44
Q

Tissues! Hunting and digestion of food

A

Animalia

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45
Q

pieces of DNA/RNA na naligaw

A

VIRI

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46
Q

Racemose

A

Centripetal

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47
Q

Cymose

A

Centrifugal

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48
Q

One petal

A

Gamopetalous

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49
Q

Many petals

A

Polypetalous

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50
Q

oldest botanical work in existence

A

Historia Plantarum

51
Q

Medicinal plants

A

Theophrastus

52
Q

John Ray?

A 
-Herbae
> Imperfectae
> Perfectae
-Arborae
> Monocot
> Dicot
53
Q

Contibution:

  • No of stamens
  • Insertion of floral parts to the thalamus
  • arrangement adhesion and distribution of stamens
  • Nature of anther and filaments and their arrangement
A

CAROLUS LINNAEUS

54
Q

1234567891012

A 
Monandria
Diandria
Triandria
Tetrandria
Pentandria
Haxandria
Heptandria
Octandria
Enneandria
Decandria
Dodecandria
55
Q

Flowers with more than 20 stamens attached to calyx

A

Icosandria

56
Q

More than 20 stamens attached to receptacle

A

Polyandria

57
Q

4 stamens with unequal length

A

Didymia

58
Q

6 stamens, longer

A

Tetradynamia

59
Q

Single tube-like group

A

Monadelphia

60
Q

2 tube-like groups

A

Diadelphia

61
Q

More than 2 tube-like groups

A

Polyadelphia

62
Q

Stamen sygenesious

A

Sygenesia

63
Q

Stamens adnate to the pistil

A

Gynandria

64
Q

Stamen monoesious

A

Monoecia

65
Q

Stamens dioesious

A

Dioecia

66
Q

Plants polygamous

A

Polygamia

67
Q

Non-flowering plants, Algae mosses, ferns

A

Cryptogamia

68
Q 
Single cotyledon
narrow long leaf
parallel veins
vascular bodies scattered
Flower parts in multiples three
A

Monocot

69
Q 
Two cotyledons
broad leaf
network of veins
ring of vascular bundles
flower part multiple of five
A

Dicots

70
Q

Scar from attachment to parent plant

A

Hilum

71
Q

Admits water to the embryo before active germination.

A

Micropyle

72
Q

Embryonic root which grows and develops into the root system

A

Radicle

73
Q
  • Embryonic shoot
  • part of embryo between cotyledon and radicle
  • support cotyledon (first leaves)
A

Plumule

74
Q

Leaves attached to the plumule and radicle; contain food reserves used during early germination

A

Cotyledon

75
Q

In Cell Wall,

Gives stiffness to fruit jellies

A

Pectin

76
Q

Cells in cork (1665)

A

Robert Hooke

77
Q

Live Cells (Animalcules)

A

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek

78
Q

Protoplasm, where nucleus is found

A

Robert Brown (1833)

79
Q

Plants : made up of cells

A

Matthias Schleiden

80
Q

Animal cells : composed of cells

A

Theodor Schwann

81
Q

Omnis cellula e cellula : Cells arise from pre-existing cells

A

Rudolf Virchow

82
Q

Fixed stain cells : saw reproduction, chromosomes from parent to daughter - Mitosis

A

Walther Flemming

83
Q

Biogenesis (organisms arise from another organism)

A

Louis Pasteur

84
Q

Cell Theory??

A
  • basic unit of life
  • all living things are made up of cells
  • arise from pre-existing cells
  • carries genetic material
  • essentially same in chemical composition
  • Energy flow, biochem occurs only within the cell
85
Q

Light, 1000x

A

Light microscope

86
Q

Electron beam, osmium:stain, 10000X

A

Transmission Electron Microscop

87
Q

Surface of cells ; 1000000X

A

Scanning Electron Microscope

88
Q

Interphase

A

90% of the time; life of the cell

lifetime varies by the type of cell

89
Q

Prophase

A

Chromosomes condense

nuclear envelope starts to disintegrate

90
Q

Metaphase

A

Chromosomes align in the middle

Spindle fibers at opposite poles

91
Q

Anaphase

A

Shortest phase

Centromere breaks, Spindle fibers shorten

92
Q

Telophase

A

Develops nuclear envelop
Disintegrate spindle fibers
Develop cell plates

93
Q

Helps in making cell plates

A

Phragmophlasts

94
Q

Division of cytoplasm

A

Cytokinesis

95
Q

Cell Wall?

A

No skeleton, made up of cellulose

helps regate bowel movement, di madigest.

96
Q

Chaetomorpha Melagonium

A

Green Algae

97
Q

Most abundant monomer in cell wall

A

Cellulose

98
Q

In Cell wall,

Glue like substance that holds cellulose fibrils together

A

Hemicellulose

99
Q

In Cell wall,

proteins that have sugar associated with their molecules

A

Glycoprotein

100
Q

40-80% Cellulose; 5-95% of the volume of the cell

A

Secondary Cell wall

101
Q

Phospholipid bilayer has?

A

Hydrophobic heads, hydrophilic tails

102
Q

Nakabaon sa phospholipid bilayer

A

Intrinsic Protein

103
Q

Aren’t attached to the phospholipid bilayer

A

Extrinsic Protein

104
Q

In respiration-

A

Needs glucose

105
Q

Carries the genetic material of the cell

A

Nucleus

106
Q

w/ Chlorophlasts

A

Green

107
Q

w/o chlorophlasts

A

Grayish ; spherical to ellipsoidal 2-15 micrometers in diameter

108
Q

Large complex of proteins that spans the nuclear envelope

A

Nuclear pores

109
Q

Produces RNA

A

Nucleolus

110
Q

Radish has?

A

18 chromosomes

111
Q

Golden weeds has?

A

4 chromosomes

112
Q

Tounge fern has?

A

1000+ chromosomes

113
Q

Human has?

A

46 Chromosomes

114
Q

Origin of the mitochondria

A

Symbiogenesis

115
Q

What happened in symbiogenesis?

A 
Group of cells compete for resources
naubos resources, lumaki, nag grow
Phagocytosis - Engulfs cells (lysosomes)
may nakain = energy
As time passes, mitochondria develops
116
Q

Mitochondria produces?

A

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

117
Q

In matrix fluid?

A 
DNA
RNA
RIBOSOMES
PROTEIN
DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES
118
Q

In plastids, pinakacommon

A

Chlorophlasts

119
Q

One Coin in chlorophlasts

A

Thylakoid

120
Q

One stack of thylakoid

A

Granum

121
Q

Helps in photosynthesis

A

Stroma

122
Q

In plastids, synthesizes starch

A

Amyloplasts

123
Q

In plastids, Synthesizes oils

A

Elaioplasts

124
Q

In plastids, red orange yellow pigment, under nito carotenoids

A

Chromophlasts

Bio ko (3 decks)

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