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Bordeaux Flashcards

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1
Q

Ugni Blanc and Colombard are primarily used in which appellation?

A

Cotes de Blaye

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2
Q

What are the 4th growths of St. Julien?

A

Saint Pierre, Talbot, Branaire Ducru, Beychevelle

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3
Q

What is the city of Pomerol?

A

Libourne

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4
Q

Name classed bordeaux estates that are biodynamic

A

Chateau Climens, Pontet Canet, Palmer, d’Yquem (announced at vinexpo 2019)

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5
Q

What ie the primary production of the Cotes de Bordeaux?

A

Merlot

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6
Q

What vintage marked the debut of Ygrec?

A

1959

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7
Q

What is the most planted grape in France?

A

Merlot

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8
Q

What form of vine training is most common in the sweet wine areas of Bordeaux?

A

Cordon - encourages botrytis and has smaller berries.

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9
Q

Where are Moulis and Listrac-Medoc AOP’s located?

A

Between St. Julien and Margaux away from the shore

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10
Q

What are the Premiers Crus of Sauternes?

A

La Tour Blanches, Lafaurie-Peyraguey, Clos Haut-Peyraguey, de Rayne Vigneau, Suduiraut, Coutet, Climens, Guiraud, Rieussec, Rabaud - Promis, Sigala - Rabaud

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11
Q

Which satellite appellation produces the most wine?

A

Montagne Saint Emilion

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12
Q

What form of vine training is most common in the dry wine areas of Bordeaux?

A

Guyot, 1x (RB) or 2x(LB)

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13
Q

What is Bouchet?

A

Syn. For CF on the right bank

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14
Q

Which is farther south, Listrac or Moulis?

A

Moulis

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15
Q

What are the classified estates of St. Estephe?

A

Cos d’Estournel and Montrose - 2nd; Calon Segur - 3rd; Lafon Rochet - 4th; Cos Labory - 5th

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16
Q

What are the classification levels of Sauternes?

A

Premier Cru Superieur, Premiers Crus, Deuxiemes Crus

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17
Q

What is Fronsadais Molasse?

A

Soft limestone and clay in Fronsac/Canon Fonsac

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18
Q

What is the largest French region in terms of acreage?

A

Bordeaux - 117K ha in ‘11 - 14% of France’s vineyard area. 5-6m hl/yr

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19
Q

What are the red wine AOP’s of St. Emilion?

A

St. Emilion AOP and St. Emilion Grand Cru AOP

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20
Q

What is the INAO?

A

Institut National des Appellations d’Origine

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21
Q

What is the elevage for Blaye AOP?

A

Sold after 3/31 2nd year

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22
Q

What is the most planted white grape in bordeaux?

A

Semillon

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23
Q

What is the soil type of the c̫tes of St. Emilion?

A

Limestone

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24
Q

Where is Sociando Mallet?

A

Haut Medoc, just North of St. Estephe.

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25
Q

What estate has removed itself from en primeur?

A

Latour in ‘13

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26
Q

When was Mouton Rothschild elevated?

A

1973

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27
Q

What is the climate of Bordeaux?

A

Maritime

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28
Q

What are the first growths located in Paulliac?

A

Lafite Rothschild, Mouton Rothschild, Latour

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29
Q

What are the geographical designations for the Cotes de Bordeaux?

A

Castillon, Francs, Cadillac, and Blaye

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30
Q

What are the 4th growths of Margaux?

A

Marquis de Terme, Pouget, Prieure Lichine

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31
Q

How big is pomerol?

A

800ha

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32
Q

I want to make red in the Premieres COtes de Bordeaux. What appellation can I use?

A

Cotes de Bordeaux

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33
Q

What is the appellation of Chateau Lafleur?

A

Pomerol

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34
Q

What is Clairet?

A

A darker style of Rose from bordeaux thought to resemble old school reds

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35
Q

First growths of Fargues?

A

Rieussec

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36
Q

What is the most likely level of finished alcohol for Sauternes?

A

12-14 %

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37
Q

What is the primary rock of the Entre deux Mers?

A

Weathered limestone overlaid with clay and sandy clay

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38
Q

What is the parentage of Carmenere?

A

Gros Cabernet x Cabernet Franc

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39
Q

Where would deep blue clay be found in Bordeaux?

A

At the Buttoniere (buttonhole) of Pomerol.

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40
Q

What areas belong to the Cotes de Bordeaux?

A

Premieres cotes de Bordeaux in EdM. Eastern borders of St. Emilion/Puisseguin St. Emilion. and Blaye AOP

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41
Q

What are the grapes of Cotes de Blaye?

A

Colombard and Ugni Blanc 50%+, w/sb(g), muscadelle, sem

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42
Q

Where are Chateau Chasse-Spleen and Chateau Poujeaux located?

A

Moulis

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43
Q

What are the 3rd growths of St. Julien?

A

Lagrange, Leoville Barton

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44
Q

What soil presence distinguishes the right bank from the left bank?

A

Limestone! in various amounts in addition to the gravel and clay present throughout

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45
Q

What are the classed estates of the Haut Medoc?

A

3rd - La Lagune in Ludon, 4th - La Tour Carnet in St. Laurent, 5th - Camensac and Belgrave in St. Laurent and Cantemerle in Macau

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46
Q

What estates no longer produce wine under their own labels in the Graves Classification?

A

La Tour Haut Brion (R) - last vintage in 05, Laville Haut Brion (W) - last vintage in 08. Both now provide fruit for La Mission Haut Brion

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47
Q

What classed estate in bordeaux is enclosed in a wall?

A

Calon Segur

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48
Q

Where are the best sites in Fronsac?

A

Saillans and La Riviere

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49
Q

What is the potential alcohol for Sauternes?

A

15% (12% acq)

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50
Q

What is used for rose in Bordeaux?

A

Only red grapes. No blending

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51
Q

Where is the Castillon and Francs area of the Cotes de Bordeaux AOP?

A

Eastern Right Bank

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52
Q

What is the river along which the best sweet AOP of bordeaux lie?

A

Ciron

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53
Q

Which satellite of St. Emilion is the highest in elevation?

A

Puisseguin. Coolest too

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54
Q

What is required for Cadillac, Loupiac, and Sainte Croix du Mont?

A

45g/l 14.5% 229g/lmmw for Loupiac and St. Croix du Mont. 51g/l 15% and 255g/l for Cadillac

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55
Q

What is the compound for pyrazine?

A

2 methoxy 3 isobutylpyrazine

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56
Q

Who produces Creme de Tete?

A

Chateau Gilette - 10 year aged in cement!

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57
Q

What is the minimum must weight for Sauternes?

A

221 g/l

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58
Q

Which IGP encompasses Bordeaux and nearby regions?

A

Atlantique IGP

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59
Q

In the mid-17th century Dutch engineers built a system of canals, called ____, to drain the marshy lowlands of the Medoc.

A

Jalles

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60
Q

Where is the area with the most gravel in St. Emilion?

A

On the edge of St. Emilion near Pomerol

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61
Q

What are the AOP’s of the Medoc?

A

Medoc, Haut Medoc, St. Estephe, St. Julien, Paulliac, Margaux, Listrac, Moulis

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62
Q

What protects the Medoc from Atlantic weather/winds?

A

The planted Landes Forest… somewhat

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63
Q

What is the minimum RS for Sauternes?

A

45 g/l

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64
Q

What communes are part of the Pessac Leognan AOP?

A

Pessac, Leognan, Cadujac, Martillac, Talence, Villenave- d’Ornon, Canejan, Gradignan, Merignac, Saint Medard d’Eyrans

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65
Q

What are the communes of Marguax?

A

Cantenac, Labarde, Arsac, Margaux, Soussans

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66
Q

The Cru Classe properties of Graves are located in which appellation?

A

Pessac Leognan

67
Q

What rivers define the borders of St. Emilion AOP?

A

Dordogne and Barbanne

68
Q

What are the 5th growths of Margaux?

A

Dauzac and du Terte

69
Q

Who are St̩ephane Drenoncourt, Denis Dubourdieu, and Michel Rolland?

A

CONSULTANTS

70
Q

Is Chaptalization allowed in Bordeaux?

A

Yes

71
Q

What 2 rivers provide the perfect environment for noble rot?

A

Garonne and Ciron

72
Q

First growths in Preignac?

A

Suduiraut

73
Q

What are the Saint Emilion Satellite Appellations?

A

St Georges, Montagne, Puisseguin, Lussac

74
Q

What are the red only 1959 Grave Reds?

A

Fieuzal, Haut Bailly. Haut Brion, La Mission Haut Brion, Pape Clement, Smith Haut Lafite

75
Q

First Growths in Barsac?

A

Clemens, Coutet

76
Q

What are the 2nd growths of Margaux?

A

Rauzan Segla, Rauzan Gassies, Durfort Vivens, Lascombes, Brane - Cantenac

77
Q

What is the most current St. Emilion Classification?

A

2012 with 4 Classe A, 14 Classe B, and 54 Grand Cru Classe

78
Q

What is the parentage of Cabernet Sauvignon?

A

Cabernet Franc X Sauvignon blanc

79
Q

What is Haut Benauge?

A

Geo designation for 9 communes along the Cotes de Bordeuax Saint Macaire AOP and Bordeaux AOP white from the same area

80
Q

Chartreuse as a 2nd label

A

Coutet

81
Q

What are the white grapes of Bordeaux?

A

Semillon, Sauv blanc, Miscadelle, Ugni Blanc, Merlot Blanc, Colombard.

82
Q

What is crasse de fer?

A

iron rich clay in Pomerol

83
Q

In what year was Pessac Leognan AOP created?

A

1987

84
Q

What is produced in Bdx Saint Macaire?

A

Sweet and dry whites

85
Q

Name other great Pomerol estates

A

Vieux Chateau Certain, Lafleur, l’Evangile, Trotonay, Clinet, la Conseillante, Petit Village, and Le Pin - all <1km from Petrus

86
Q

Which if the geo designations of Cotes de Bordeaux may produce white wine?

A

Blaye and Francs

87
Q

What is Claret?

A

English term for light Bordeaux reds

88
Q

What is the minimum alcohol for the village AOP of Medoc?

A

11%

89
Q

T/F: Land added to St. Emilion estates is automatically included into their classification level.

A

False

90
Q

What are the 3rd growths of Margaux?

A

Malescot St. Exupery, Desmirail, Ferriere, Marquis d’Alesme Becker, Kirwan, d’Issan, Boyd-Cantenac, Cantenac-Brown, Palmer, Giscours

91
Q

What is the only great Bordeaux property to produce a mono-varietal wine?

A

Petrus - 100% merlot in good years.

92
Q

What river separates Fronsac from Entre deux Mers?

A

Dordogne

93
Q

What is the highest elevation area in bordeaux?

A

Entre deux Mers - up to 100 m

94
Q

What are the 3rd growths in Paulliac

A

none

95
Q

What are the communes of Sauternes?

A

Sauternes, Bommes, Fargues, Preignac, and Barsac

96
Q

First growths in Sauternes (proper)

A

Guiraud

97
Q

What are the 5th growths if Paulliac?

A

Pontet Canet, Batailley, Haut Batailley, Haut Bages Liberal, Grand Puy Lacoste, Grand Puy Ducasse, Lynch Bages, Lynch Moussas, d’Armailhac, Pedesclaux, Clerc Milon, Croizet Bages

98
Q

What is the most highly regarded vintage of the 1920’s? 20, 21, 24, 25, 27?

A

1921 - very hot vintage. Hottest july until 2010. Very successful in all appellations.

99
Q

What is the buttoniere?

A

a terrace at Pomerol’s highest and easternmost area with deep blue clay with some gravel - where petrus is located. It’s approximately 20 ha in size.

100
Q

What is the most planted grape in Bordeaux?

A

Merlot

101
Q

What did Napoleon III create?

A

The 1855 Classification, by having courtiers draw up the list based on price

102
Q

What is the Cotes de Bordeaux?

A

2009 AOP unifying multiple areas of bordeaux under a common banner

103
Q

How many AOP’s are in Bordeaux?

A

39

104
Q

What has changed concerning the government of the St. Emilion Classificaion as of 2012?

A

Now goverened by the INAO

105
Q

What are the regional AOP of Graves?

A

Graves AOP and Graves Superieur

106
Q

From 1970 - 1975 the French government banned new plantings in Bordeaux of which major red grape?

A

Merlot

107
Q

What are the St. Emilion Premier Grand Cru Classe A and which were most recently elevated

A

Cheval Blanc and Ausone, with Pavie and Angelus

108
Q

What bordeaux estate was the first to estate bottle their entire production?

A

Mouton in 1924

109
Q

Where are Cadillac, Loupiac, and Sainte Croix du Mont?

A

w/in the Premieres Cotes de Bordeaux

110
Q

In what century did Malbec first appear in Bordeaux?

A

18th

111
Q

Pavillon is the second wine of which chateau?

A

Margaux

112
Q

T/F: The Medoc receives more annual average rainfall than any other major french wine region.

A

True

113
Q

What are the Rivers of Bordeaux?

A

Garonne and Dordogne

114
Q

When was the first Grave classification made official?

A

1959

115
Q

When was Sauternes Classified?

A

1855

116
Q

Who are the cru classe for white in the Graves Classification?

A

Couhins, Couhins Lurton (formerly Laville Haut Brion)

117
Q

Is Cryoextraction allowed in Sauternes?

A

Yes

118
Q

What are the 2nd growths of St. Julien?

A

Leoville Las Cases, Leoville Barton, Leoville Poyferre, Gruaud Larosse, Ducru Beaucaillou

119
Q

What river separates Fronsac from Lalande de Pomerol?

A

Isle

120
Q

What is the size of a barrique?

A

225L

121
Q

When was Yquem not made

A

2012, 1992, 1974, 1972, 1964, 1952, 1951, 1930, 1915, 1910,

122
Q

What are the sweet AOP of Graves?

A

Ceron, Barsac, Sauternes, Graves Superieur

123
Q

What Major wine region in France experiences the most rainfall?

A

Bordeaux with 950mm dispersed throughout the year

124
Q

What is a croupe?

A

warm gravel mound of the medoc

125
Q

In which appellation does the Roc de Combes estate produce wine?

A

Bourg

126
Q

What is cliquage?

A

micro-ox during elevage

127
Q

What is the IGP of Bordeaux?

A

Atlantique IGP

128
Q

Who are the cru classe for red in the Graves Classification?

A

Fieuzal, Haut Bailly, Haut Brion, La Mission Haut Brion, Pape Clement, Smith Haut Lafite. (La Tour Haut Brion)

129
Q

What is the La Jurade de Saint-Emilion?

A

Now a marketing organization to promote the region and throw harvest parties. Pre revolution is was an administrative body separate of the king of England that set dates for harvest.

130
Q

When is micro-oxygenation introduced to a wine?

A

during fermentation or during elevage (cliquage)

131
Q

Is Chaptalization allowed in Sauternes?

A

Yes

132
Q

In which year were the estates of Graves FIRST classified?

A
  1. Originally drafted in 1953
133
Q

What is Coulure?

A

Shattering. Failure of flowers to pollinate, because they don’t open up.

134
Q

Which St. Emilion Premier Grand Cru Classse A are in the graves?

A

Cheval Blanc

135
Q

What are the subregions of bordeaux?

A

Medoc, Graves, Entre deux Mers, Right bank, Bourg and Blaye

136
Q

What vintage was successful for dry but a disaster for sweet wine production?

A

2012

137
Q

What can wines of St George Saint Emilion be labeled as?

A

Montagne Saint Emilion

138
Q

What is Remontage?

A

pumpover

139
Q

What is a jalles?

A

Canal

140
Q

What is the Place de Bordeaux?

A

a 3 tier system of production, brokerage, and sales that runs Bordeaux’s markets

141
Q

What is the minimum RS for Premieres Cotes de Bordeaux?

A

34 g/l

142
Q

What is the average rainfall of bordeaux?

A

35 in.

143
Q

What are the red grapes of bordeaux?

A

Cabernet Sauv, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Petit verdot, Malbec, and Carmenere

144
Q

What is Ygrec?

A

d’Yquem’s dry white first produced in 1959 and now regularly since 04

145
Q

Where is the most malbec in bordeaux?

A

Bourg AOP, ~10% of plantings

146
Q

What is produced in Premieres Cotes de Bordeaux?

A

sweet whites only

147
Q

What are the climatic influences on Bordeaux?

A

Gulf stream brings carribbean waters up making it more mild. Atlantic is funneled in through the Gironde estuary

148
Q

Which St. Emilion Premier Grand Cru Classse A are on the cote?

A

Angelus and Ausone

149
Q

What is the Pomerol satellite?

A

Lalande de Pomerol (namesake commune and Neac)

150
Q

What is Pressac?

A

Malbec synonym on the Right Bank

151
Q

what are the 4th growths in Paulliac?

A

Duhart Milon

152
Q

What is a courtier?

A

Broker that acts as an intermediary between the 2 social classes - negociant (merchant class) and Chateau (aristocracy/church)

153
Q

What line of latitude runs just north of Bordeaux?

A

45th N

154
Q

What’s the difference between Saint Emilion Grand Cru and Saint Emilion Grand Cru Classe?

A

Classe = classified producer within the appellation

155
Q

What are the 2nd growths in Paulliac?

A

Pichon Longueville Baron, Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande

156
Q

What is produced in Bordeaux Superieur?

A

Red and medium sweet whites

157
Q

What rivers surround Pomerol?

A

Isle and Barbanne

158
Q

What grapes are permitted for Sauternes AOP?

A

Semillon, Sauv Blanc (Gris), and Muscadelle

159
Q

What AOP cover all of bordeaux?

A

Bordeaux AOP, Bordeaux Superieur AOP, and Cremant de Bordeaux AOP

160
Q

When was the first St. Emilion Classification?

A

1955

161
Q

Which Communal AOP of the Medoc has the most classified estates?

A

Margaux w/21

162
Q

What separates St. Estephe from Paulliac?

A

Jalle de Breuil separates Cos d’Estournel and Lafite

163
Q

Which Margaux property has vines in all five communes?

A

Prieure Lichine (4th growth)

France (13 decks)

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