Booklet 6 - Social Change Throughout Flashcards
Bismarck’s Germany (1871-1918)
During Bismarck’s time how far the average wage rise?
25% increase
Weimar Germany (1918-1933)
How many new homes were built?
2 million new houses
Nazi Germany (1933-1945)
When was the right to strike banned?
May 1933
West Germany (1945-1990)
What were Gastarbeiter?
“Guest Workers” hired from foreign countries to perform low paying jobs
Bismarck’s Germany (1871-1918)
Under Bismarck, could children under 13 work?
No
Bismarck’s Germany (1871-1918)
What did Sicknesss Insurance (1884) Provide?
13 weeks pay for 3 million workers
Weimar Germany (1918-1933)
How high was unemployment in 1932?
31% of the population
Weimar Germany (1918-1933)
How much did real wages increase by in 1928?
12%
Nazi Germany (1933-1945)
What did the KDF provide?
Holidays for 10 million people
Nazi Germany (1933-1945)
What happened to wages?
Frozen after 1933
West Germany (1945-1990)
How many guest workers were hired?
14 Million
Bismarck’s Germany (1871-1918)
When were Bismarck’s Anti-socialist Laws?
1878
Bismarck’s Germany (1871-1918)
How many people got free medical treatment from The Sickness Insurance Act?
3 Million Workers
Bismarck’s Germany (1871-1918)
Which artisans were put out of business by industrialisation?
Weaving and Dyeing
Bismarck’s Germany (1871-1918)
Which political party represented the Artisans?
None, they were unrepresented
West Germany (1945-1990)
What percent of the population were Skilled workers?
27%
Bismarck’s Germany (1871-1918)
What was the Mittelstand?
The lower middle class
Basically craftsmen, artisans and small business owners
West Germany (1945-1990)
What percent of Nazi party members were Skilled workers?
(This is before they came to power)
33%
Nazi Germany (1933-1945)
What promise did the Nazis keep?
They kept rewarding the Mittelstand.
They did this by banning trade union and making it hard for new artisan shops to be opened (reducing competition)
Nazi Germany (1933-1945)
Who made all Nazi Uniforms and Boots?
Artisans
Nazi Germany (1933-1945)
After 1936, how much did artisan business decline?
11%
Bismarck’s Germany (1871-1918)
What could the Junkers in the Bundesrat do?
Veto legislations
Bismarck’s Germany (1871-1918)
How did junkers benefit from this voting system?
Their votes were worth more than middle class votes
Weimar Germany (1918-1933)
When was the unfair Prussian voting system abolished?
October 1918
Nazi Germany (1933-1945)
How did Hitler win back the Junker’s trust?
The night of the long knives showed he was efficient
Nazi Germany (1933-1945)
Why did Hitler attempt to kill off distrusted Junkers?
They were a reminder of imperial germany
West Germany (1945-1990)
What happened to all the Junker land in Prussia?
Went to the East or to Poland as compensation
Bismarck’s Germany (1871-1918)
Between 1900 and 1989 how much of the national income did agriculture make up?
1900 - 30%
1989 - Under 2%
Of the national income
Nazi Germany (1933-1945)
How was peasantry and agriculture celebrated in nazi germany?
It was seen as a return to traditional values
And hitler’s perfect germany “Germania” would rely on agriculture
West Germany (1945-1990)
After the building of the wall, how much of the rural economy was lost?
50%
Nazi Germany (1933-1945)
When was it made illegal to abort an Arien baby?
1933
Nazi Germany (1933-1945)
Why were women crucial to nazi germany?
They were the key to producing the arien race
Nazi Germany (1933-1945)
How did Nazi times challenge body expectations?
Makeup was seen as American and wasnt necessary
Women werent encouraged to be stick thin. This could harshen pregnancy rates
Nazi Germany (1933-1945)
How did Nazi Germany help single Mothers?
Lebensborn Programme offered adoption for racially pure children from single mothers
Nazi Germany (1933-1945)
By how much did the number of female secondary school teachers decline?
15% decline in female secondary school teachers
West Germany (1945-1990)
What was the female membership of political parties?
Just 4.4 %
West Germany (1945-1990)
By 1960, what percent of students were female?
30%
West Germany (1945-1990)
By the early 1980s what was the difference in the number of men applying to uni versus the number of women?
Nothing
In the early 1980s as many women applied for uni as men!
West Germany (1945-1990)
What were the 1957 Pensions based on?
Total life earnings
Therefore women who hadnt worked for many years or had worked part time. Were entitled to significantly less.
Bismarck’s Germany (1871-1918)
What did the National Civil Code do?
Legalised the lower status of women
Weimar Germany (1918-1933)
How did the Weimar constitution increase the political involvement of women?
They were given the vote
Bismarck’s Germany (1871-1918)
Why were women paid less in the same jobs as men?
Their work came under the category of “unskilled”
Bismarck’s Germany (1871-1918)
What did Germany offer pregnant women that Britain didnt?
6 weeks Maternity leave
Bismarck’s Germany (1871-1918)
What was the most frequent cause of death for women?
Child birth
Bismarck’s Germany (1871-1918)
The SPD had a women’s section, led by who?
Clara Zetkin
Weimar Germany (1918-1933)
What percent of the weimar parliament was female?
9.6%
This was high for the time
But consistently decreased throughout the period
Weimar Germany (1918-1933)
When was abortion made legal?
1926
Weimar Germany (1918-1933)
Why was traditional marriage a rarer concept?
2 million German men had died in the war
