booklet 4 - the endocrine system

Question 1

endocrine system

Answer 1

network of glands that produce and release hormones to regulate a large range of biological processes

Question 2

3 major glands

Answer 2

pituitary glands

adrenal glands

reproductive glands

Question 3

pituitary glands

Answer 3

controlled by the hypothalamus

releases hormones that influence other glands to release further hormones`

Question 4

hormones released by the pituitary gland

Answer 4

anterior pituitary gland:
- releases ACTH which stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol

posterior pituitary gland:
- releases oxytocin which is important for mother-infant bonding

Question 5

adrenal glands

Answer 5

situated just above kidneys

made up of 2 parts:

• outer part of each gland is called the adrenal cortex
• inner part of each gland is called the adrenal medulla

Question 6

hormones released by adrenal cortex

Answer 6

produces and releases cortisol in response to stress

Question 7

hormones released by adrenal medulla

Answer 7

produces and releases adrenaline and noradrenaline which prepares the body for ‘fight or flight’

Question 8

reproductive organs

Answer 8

ovaries: part of female reproductive system
- regulate menstrual cycle and pregnancy

testes: male reproductive glands
- regulate sex drive and sperm production

Question 9

hormones released by ovaries

Answer 9

oestrogen and progesterone

Question 10

hormones released by testes

Answer 10

testosterone, which causes the development of male characteristics such as facial hair