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Italy > Booklet 4 > Flashcards

Booklet 4 Flashcards

1
Q

FP

What was the September convention and what did it do?

A

1864

Napolean agreed to leave Rome in return for Florence being made the Capital

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2
Q

FP

How many people died rioting over the change of Capital?

A

23

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3
Q

FP

What did Cavour try and do to get Venitia and what was the outcome?

A

Encouraged a Hungarian uprising

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4
Q

FP

When did Prussia make the free trade agreement with France that weakened Austria?

A

1862

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5
Q

Piedmontisation

How many Naples decrees changed in how long? When?

A

53 decrees in 2 days

Feb 1861

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6
Q

Piedmontisation

How many monasteries dissolved to finance education?

A

2382

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7
Q

Piedmontisation

Where never got its own legal system despite being promised one? Who was to blame?

A

Lombardy
La Mamora

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8
Q

Piedmontisation

Who retained control in what area?

A

Ricasoli in Tuscany

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9
Q

Socio-economics

How much debt by 1861?

A

2.45 billion lire (Had doubled in 4 years)

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10
Q

Socio-economics?

When was the Flour Tax introduced?

A

1865

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11
Q

Socio-economics

By 1860, what proportion of Italian bonds were in Foreign hands?

A

1/3

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12
Q

Socio-economic problems

When was the Grist Tax introduced? How many died and were wounded protesting this?

A

1868
250 dead, 1000 wounded

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13
Q

Socio-econimics

When was 9 million acres of Church land sold in 9 years?

A

1867

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14
Q

Socio-economics

How many people were employed in Italy? What percentage of this was women and children?

A

3 million employed
80% women and children

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15
Q

Political weakness

When did Cavour die?

A

June 1861 of Malaria

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16
Q

Political weakness

How many PMs in how many years? Name them?

A

5 in 5 years

Riccasoli, Rattazi, Farini, Minghetti and La Mamora

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17
Q

Political weakness

Which PM attacked Garibaldi after the creation of the Society for the Emancipation of Rome? When?

A

Rattazi
1862

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18
Q

Political weakness

What did Mazzini describe the new Italy as?

A

“A sham”

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19
Q

Political weakness

How many people elected the all male parliament?

A

2% of the population

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20
Q

The Papacy

How much of Papal land was lost because of Cavour?

A

2/3

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21
Q

The Papacy

Which two people threatened the Church’s power?

A

Darwin and Renan (Both caused people to question the will of the Church)

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22
Q

The Papacy

When was the Syallabus of Errors?

A

1864

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23
Q

The Papacy

When was the Dogma of Papal Infallibility?

A

1870

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24
Q

The Papacy

When did the Pope declare himself a prisoner in the Vatican?

A

1870

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25
Q

The south

When was the Casati Laws introduced? What consequences did this have in the South?

A

1859 - It centralised education based on the French system

No education was recieved in the south

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26
Q

The south

When was Farini ordered to crush the Bourbon uprising? By who?

A

October 1860
By Cavour

27
Q

The south

When was conscription introduced? How many fled?

A

1861
25,000 men

28
Q

The south

How many soldiers had Piedmont deployed by 1862 to deal with the Brigands?

A

120,000 soldiers to deal with 82,000 Brigands

29
Q

The south

By 1863, how many troops were engaged in peace keeping with the Brigands?

A

90,000

30
Q

The south

What percent of children didn’t reach their 1st birthday in the South?

A

22.7%

31
Q

The south

What event caused a dual economy to form in Italy?

A

The opening of the Mount Cennis Tunnel in 1871 - Trade could happen in the north, but not in the south (Sardinia and Sicily never recieved railways)

32
Q

Explain how the Civil Service ran? (3)

A

Run by 30,000 bureaucrats
Gave jobs to Veterans of War
Created a centralised Gov

33
Q

How did Local Governments run? (4)

A
  • Divided into 69 provinces each with a prefect.
  • Carabinieri were military police
  • 18,000 Local police
  • 8382 Communi ran by mayors
34
Q

What did VE symbolise?

A

Stability

35
Q

What did VE need to pass new laws?

A

Parliamentary approval and a ministers signiture

36
Q

How much of all expenditure spent on the Army?

A

1/4

37
Q

How many soldiers in the Army?

A

215,000

38
Q

How many soldiers in reserve?

A

2 million

39
Q

Who agreed to keep French troops in Rome once Italy had been unified?

A

The French Chamber of Deputies and Senate

40
Q

How many troops was the Pope allowed? When did France agree to leave rome by if this was allowed?

A

10,000 troops
2 years

41
Q

When did the Government move to Tuscany?

A

1865

42
Q

When did the French leave Rome for the first time?

A

1866

43
Q

When did Garibaldi leave Caprera to march on Rome? How many men?

A

1862
4000

44
Q

Where was Garibaldi stopped in his attempt to take Rome?

A

Aspromonte - Shot in foot

45
Q

When was Florence proclaimed capital?

A

April 1865

46
Q

When did Garibaldi form the Italian Freedom Association?

A

December 1861

47
Q

When was the Sleischwig-Hollstein affair? What did it do?

A

1866
Conflict between Prussia and Austria

48
Q

When did General Govire make a millitary agreement with Prussia? What did it say?

A

April 1866
If Italy helped in a war, they would recieve Venita

49
Q

When did Italy declare war on Austria?

A

20th June 1866
(4 days after Prussia)

50
Q

How many men did Italy have vs Austria in 1866?

A

250,000 vs 130,000

51
Q

What percentage of Italian troops reached the battlefront?

A

25%

52
Q

When did Italian troops fail at Custozza?

A

24th June 1866

53
Q

What happened at the Battle of Lissa?

A

Persano’s fleet were destroyed and 3 ironclad ships were lost (out of 12)

1450 shots fired and all missed

54
Q

Where did Garibaldi win during the 1866 war?

A

Bezzecca

55
Q

When did Bismark sign the armistice with Austria?

A

July 26th 1866 (Peace of Prague)

56
Q

Why was Venitia given to France?

A

Because they agreed to remain neutral - given to Italy In Oct 1866 (Treaty of Vienna)

57
Q

What was the result of the Venice plebiscite?

A

650,000 to 69 votes for ‘yes’

58
Q

When did France seek an anti-Prussian alliance with Italy? What did this lead to?

A

May 1870
France withdrew their troops in Rome to fight Prussia

59
Q

Which PM gained the approval to take Rome? Where did he gain approval from?

A

Lanza
Spain, Austria, Parts of Germany

60
Q

When did the Italian army reach the Papal frontier? Who led them?

A

11th September 1870
Cadorna

61
Q

How many Italian soldiers and Papal soldiers died when Italy claimed Rome?

A

49 Italians
19 Papal soldiers

62
Q

When was the Law of Guarentees? How much did it give the Pope per annum?

A

May 1871
£129,000

63
Q

When was Rome declared capital?

A

July 1871

64
Q

Who was a high profile Irredentist? What did he do?

A

Bersanti
Attacked army barracks near rome in March 1870 - he was sentenced to death despite 40,000 signitures calling for his release

Italy (4 decks)

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