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Italy > Booklet 1 revamp > Flashcards

Booklet 1 revamp Flashcards

1
Q

What are 3 sucesses of Secret Societies?

A
  • Advocated for more civil liberties
  • Spread Nationwide
  • All disliked foreign intervention
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2
Q

What are 3 negatives of Secret Societies?

A
  • Middle class membership did not involve south
  • Different ideologies (did not wish to collaberate)
  • Relatively small groups
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3
Q

How many members in the Carboniari?

A

60,000

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4
Q

Who led the Federati?

A

Confalcineri

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5
Q

Where did Spillo Negro operate from?

A

Papal States

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6
Q

Who abdicated because of the 1830 French Rev? Who replaced him?

A

Charles X
Louis XVIII

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7
Q

Who led the 1830 revolution in Modena and Parma? What happened?

A

Misley
Revolutionaries took over and established a provisional governement.

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8
Q

Where did Students start to riot in 1830?

A

Parma

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9
Q

Who organised the 1830 revolt in the Papal States?

A

The professional classes who hated the church.

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10
Q

Why did the 1830 revolts fail? (4 reasons)

A
  • Local not National
  • Lack of organisations
  • Austrian Army too powerful
  • Relied too much on secret societies.
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11
Q

What was the result in Modena and Parma in 1830?

A

Francis IV returned with the Austrian Army and crushed the radicals in March 1831

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12
Q

What happened in the Papal states in the 1830-32 Revolution? What did the government refuse to do? Who defeated them?

A

1831 - In Bologna “The Government of the Italian Provinces was formed”.
They refused to send help to Modena
Austrian Army

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13
Q

How did Dante contribute to risorgimento movement?

A

Contributed to the formation of the Italian language

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14
Q

How did Machiavelli contribute to the Risorgimento movement?

A

Founded the 19th centuary nationalit movement against the papacy

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15
Q

What was life expectancy in Naples in the 1840s?

A

24

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16
Q

What did the Reformisti push for in Italy?

A

Freedom from Austria and nationalism within Italy

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17
Q

When were there poor harvests?

A

Between 1820-1840

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18
Q

When was YI formed?

A

1830

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19
Q

When did Mazzini try to invade Savoy?

A

1834

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20
Q

How many members did YI have?

A

50,000

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21
Q

What did Mazzini try to do in Piedmont?

A

Start a mutiny, but this was crushed by CA

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22
Q

When did the Bandiera Brothers attempt an uprising in Naples? How many men did they do this with? What happened?

A

1844
19
Both Shot

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23
Q

What are 3 successes of Young Italy?

A

Attracted Garibaldi in 1831
Kept the calls for unity alive
Mazzini was a popular nationalist writer

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24
Q

How long was Mazzini absent from Italy for?

A

40 years

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25
Q

Which of Mazzini’s attempted revolts failed?

A

1821 and 1831

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26
Q

Which group did Mazzini ignore?

A

Peasants

27
Q

Why were foreign powers hesistant of Mazzini?

A

Seen as too radical

28
Q

What % of population was Catholic?

A

90%

29
Q

How many people spoke Italian?

A

2.5%

30
Q

How many customs stops along which river?

A

22 along River Po

31
Q

Which Italian state was the richest?

A

Lombardy

32
Q

Which states were the only ones NOT seen as reactionary?

A

Tuscany and Parma

33
Q

How did Balbo want to reform the country?

A

Wanted a federation led by CA

34
Q

What ideology did Gioberti support?

A

A federation under Pius IX (Neo-Gulphism)

35
Q

Who did d’Azeglio wish to rule Italy? Which book did he publish and when? What did it suggest?

A

CA
On Recent Events in Romagna (1846)
Revolution from Above

36
Q

When did CA create the Statuto? What did this do?

A

1847
Piedmont became a nationalist hot spot

37
Q

When was Pius elected? How many political prisoners did he release upon being elected?

A

1846
2000

38
Q

What was chanted in the street as a result of Pius’ liberalism?

A

“O Sommo Pius”

39
Q

Which two states did Pius enter a customs union with?

A

Tuscany and Piedmont

40
Q

What revolutionary idea did Pius do regarding the press?

A

Removed press censorship

41
Q

When did Pius declare his distatste for Austria?

A

1847

42
Q

What percentage of Italians were subsistance farmers?

A

90%

43
Q

What problem did Milan face?

A

Overcrowding

44
Q

When where there Maize shortages in Italy?

A

1846-47

45
Q

When was the southern cholera outbreak? How many died?

A

1846
65,000

46
Q

What proportion of the Austrian Empire’s taxes came from Lombardy/Venitia

A

1/3

47
Q

When did Austrian troops march through the Papal town of Ferrera? What happened after this?

A

July 1847
Pius said “Lord bless Italia”

48
Q

When did Venitia declare itself a republic?

A

March 1848

49
Q

When did revolution begin in Sicily? What was the reason?

A

January 1848
The city was swarmed with rioters demanding the 1812 constitution to be restored

50
Q

When did revolution begin in Naples? What happened?

A

January 1848
Notorius Bourbon Officials were killed and the King met demands for the restoration of the 1820 constitution

51
Q

When did revolution begin in Tuscany and Rome? What happened?

A

February 1848
Both were granted constitutions. 9th Feb - Roman Republic declared led by Carlo Armellini

52
Q

When did revolution begin in Vienna? What happened?

A

March 1848
Metternich was defeated and resigned

53
Q

When did revolt begin in Milan? What happened?

A

March 18th 1848
Five Glorius Days - 10,000 people demanded reform

54
Q

When did Charles Albert declare War on Austria?

A

March 22 1848

55
Q

When did Pius issue his Papal allocution?

A

April 29th 1848

56
Q

When did the Austrian Army crush CA at Custozza?

A

July 24th 1848

57
Q

When did Pius call for reinforcements? Who came?

A

April 1849
Napolean sent Oudiant with 20,000 troops

58
Q

When was the peace treaty signed between Austria and piedmont?

A

August 1849

59
Q

When did the revolution in Sicily fail? Why?

A

September 1848
Ferdinand returned and bombed sicily for 3 days causing parliament to surrender.

60
Q

When was Ferdinand II’s autocratic rule reestablished and Sicily and Naples reunited?

A

May 1849

61
Q

When were the Piedmontese defeated at Novara? What did this mean for Tuscany?

A

March 1849
Decrease in Nationalism - Leopald returned

62
Q

When did the Roman Republic fall? How? Who defended it for how long?

A

July 1849
20,000 troops enter the city despite Garibaldi holding them off for 2 months. Pope returned 1850.

63
Q

When did CA resign?

A

March 1849 after Novara

Italy (4 decks)

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