Booklet 4 Flashcards
Economic and Social Backwardness
Which historian uses the terms ‘real’ and ‘legal’ Italy?
Martin Clark
Economic and Social Backwardness
What term is used to describe the divide in Italy’s economy?
Dual Economy
Economic and Social Backwardness
What was the state of the railways at the point of unification?
2,773km but none in Sicily or Sardinia
Economic and Social Backwardness
What development helped northern industry?
Mount Cenis Tunnel - 1871
Economic and Social Backwardness
Which southern Industry was damaged?
Olive Oil in Apulia
Economic and Social Backwardness
What % of state expenditure was taken up by debt?
60%
Economic and Social Backwardness
Which unpopular tax was introduced in 1868?
Grist Tax
Economic and Social Backwardness
How were Southern Industries damaged after Unification?
Removal of Tariffs
Economic and Social Backwardness
What was Infant Mortality like?
22.7% died before 1st Birthday
50% before their 5th
Economic and Social Backwardness
How many left in 1871, which destination was popular ?
120,000 left in 1971
Argentina
The Papacy
How much of his land had the Pope lost by 1961?
2/3rds
The Papacy
What term describes the relationship between the state and pope?
Fractious Cohabitation
The Papacy
What was issued by the church to reject all modern ideas, and when?
Syllabus of Errors 1864
The Papacy
Name some ‘attacks’ on the Church
Charles Darwin ‘s ‘Origin of Species’ - 1859
Renan - said the Bible should not be taken as accurate - 1860’s
The Papacy
Which year was the Church forced to hand over it’s property?
1866
The Papacy
What was issued stating the Pope’s ideas were indiputible, and when?
Dogma of Papal Infallibility - 1869
The Papacy
When was Rome annexed?
1870
The Papacy
What did the Law of Guarantees insure?
Pope given his own postal service, diplomats, full religious powers and 3,225,000 Lire compensation each year
The Papacy
When did the Pope finally recognize Italy?
1929 - The Lateran Treaty
The Papacy
What effect did this have on voting?
2.2% of population could vote, but 60% didn’t on religious grounds
The Papacy
Where were the two courts located?
One in Vatican, one in Quirinal Palace
Political Disunity and Irredentism
When was the Brigands War?
1861-65
Political Disunity and Irredentism
in 1861 how many fled to avoid conscription?
25,000
Political Disunity and Irredentism
Which Piemontese General said Bourbon soldiers found with weapons would be shot?
General Caldini
