booklet 1 - cell biology and microscopes

Question 1

how does a light microscope work?

Answer 1

uses light to illuminate objects under view, convex lens manipulates how light enters the eye

Question 2

how does an electronic microscope work?

Answer 2

lens replaced by electromagnets that ‘bend’ the electron beam. forms an image as a photo - elctron micrograph

Question 3

radiation source of electron microscope

Answer 3

Electrons

Question 4

radiation source of light microscope

Answer 4

visible light

Question 5

max magnification of electron microscope

Answer 5

approx ×1 000 000

Question 6

max magnification of light microscope

Answer 6

approx ×2 000

Question 7

resolution of electron microscope

Answer 7

approx 0.1nm

Question 8

resolution of light microscope

Answer 8

approx 200nm

Question 9

images seen through electron microscope- colour

Answer 9

black and white

Question 10

images seen through light microscope- colour and why

Answer 10

coloured - colour is a property of loght

Question 11

types of electron microscope

Answer 11

TEM and SEM

Question 12

TEM microscope meaning

Answer 12

transmission electron microscope

Question 13

how are images seen through a tem and why?

Answer 13

2D - electron beams pass through thin slices of specimen, analyses inner structures

Question 14

how are images seen through a sem and why?

Answer 14

3D - Specimen coated in gold so electrons bounce off and give outside view

Question 15

why does standard form exist?

Answer 15

to write down really big or small numbers

Question 16

how do you write big numbers in standard form?

Answer 16

1 × 10^3 = 1 × 1000= 1000

Question 17

how do you write small numbers in standard form?

Answer 17

1 × 10^-2 = 0.01

Question 18

how do you work out 1.26 x 10^5?

Answer 18

‘move’ decimal point 5 times to the right

Question 19

how do you work out 1.26 x 10^ -5?

Answer 19

‘move’ decimal point 5 times to the left

Question 20

what are prokayotes?

Answer 20

single celled organisms, don’t have nuclei or organelles, are much smaller than eukaryotic, and always have cell walls

Question 21

egs of prokaryotes

Answer 21

bacteria and archaea

Question 22

what are eukaryotes?

Answer 22

mostly multi celled organisms like animals and plants, have a nucleus to contain and organelles

Question 23

what happens in anaphase?

Answer 23

away- move to poles of cell

Question 24

formula triangle for actual size,magnification and image size

Answer 24

a × m

Question 25

function of cell membrane

Answer 25

controls the movement of substances in and out

Question 26

cell membrane is found in ….

Answer 26

animal and plant cells

Question 27

cell sap function

Answer 27

store of minerals and water found in vacule

Question 28

cell sap is found in ….

Answer 28

plant cells

Question 29

cellulose cell wall function

Answer 29

supports the cell and keeps its shape

Question 30

cell wall is found in ….

Answer 30

Plant cells

Question 31

Chloroplast function

Answer 31

respiration occurs here, releasing energy

Question 32

chloroplast is found in ….

Answer 32

Plant cells

Question 33

mitochondria

Answer 33

respiration occurs here, releasing energy

Question 34

mitochondria are found in…

Answer 34

Plant and animal cells

Question 35

cytoplasm function

Answer 35

where chemical reactions of the cell take place

Question 36

cytoplasm is found in…

Answer 36

-where chemical reactions of the cell take place

Question 37

nucleus function

Answer 37

contains dna and controls the activity of the cell

Question 38

nuclei are found in…

Answer 38

animal and plant cells

Question 39

ribosomes function

Answer 39

proteins are made/synthesised here

Question 40

ribosomes are found in….

Answer 40

animal and plant cells

Question 41

vacuole function

Answer 41

full of cell sap, maintains shape of cell

Question 42

permanent vacuoles are found in …

Answer 42

Plant cells

Question 43

features of prokaryotic cell

Answer 43

-no membrane bound nucleus
-dna is in a nucleoid floating in cytoplasm
-ribosomes
-cell wall
-much smaller than eukaryote