Book: UTS: 24 Flashcards
How nuclear changes differ, in general, from chemical changes.
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The meanings of radioactivity, nucleon, nuclide, and isotope.
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Characteristics of three types of radioactive emissions: α, β, γ.
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The various modes of radioactive decay and how each changes the values of A and Z.
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How the N/Z ratio, the even-odd nature of N and Z, and magic numbers correlate with nuclear stability.
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How an unstable nuclide’s mass number or N/Z ratio correlates with its mode of decay.
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How a decay series combines numerous decay steps and ends with a stable nuclide.
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How ionization and scintillation counters detect and measure radioactivity.
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Why radioactive decay is a first-order process; the meanings of decay rate and specific activity.
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The meaning of half-life in the context of radioactive decay.
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How the specific activity of an isotope in an object is used to determine the object’s age.
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How particle accelerators and reactors are used to synthesize new nuclides
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The units of radiation dose; the effects on living tissue of various dosage levels; the inverse relationship between the mass and charge of an emission and its penetrating power.
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How ionizing radiation creates free radicals that damage tissue; sources and risks of ionizing radiation.
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How radioisotopes are used in research, analysis, and medical diagnosis
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