Book - Chapter 5,6,7,8,9,10 Flashcards
Zero order reaction
When rate of reaction doesn’t depend on the concentration of reactants
rate = k[A]°[B]°
Only temperature and catalyst can change the rate in zero order reaction
First order reaction
Rate depends on one reactant, ie doubling the reactant will double the formation of product
rate = k[A]^1
What’s a second order reaction?
When rate is equal to the concentration of two reactants or square of one reactant
rate = k[A]^1[B]^1 or rate = k[A]^2
What’s reaction quotient?
It indicates how far reaction has proceeded towards equilibrium
Q < Keq: reaction proceeds in forward direction
Q = Keq: reaction is in equilibrium
Q > Keq: reaction proceeds in reverse direction
🔺G in terms of reaction?
G < 0: forward
G = 0: Equilibrium
G > 1: Reverse
Keq in terms of reaction?
Keq > 1: Forward
Keq = 1: Equilibrium
Keq < 1: Reverse
Le Chatlelier’s Principle explains?
If a stress; change in concentration, pressure and volume, and temperature is applied it will try to go back to equilibrium
What are standard conditions?
25° C (298 K), 1 atm pressure, 1 mole concentration
What’s STP (Standard temperature and pressure)?
0° C (273 K) and 1atm pressure
What’s specific heat?
Amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram substance by one degree Celsius or (or one kelvin)
What’s specific heat of water?
cH2O = 1 cal/gK
What’s enthalpy?
Measure of potential energy of intermolecular interactions and chemical bonds in a system
What’s entropy?
Measure of degree to which energy has been spread (disordered) throughout a system or it’s surrounding
Solid has least entropy as it’s ordered and particles aren’t allowed to move much
What’s Boyle’s law?
If temperature and n are constant, pressure is inversely proportional to volume
What’s Charles law?
If pressure and n are constant, temperature is directly proportional to volume
