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Ovid Metamorphoses > Book 8 > Flashcards

Book 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Who was laying waste to Melegairn lands?

A

Minos

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2
Q

What distinguished feature did Nisus have on his head?

A

A lock of crimson hair

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3
Q

What was the significance of Nisus’s crimson hair?

A

The security of his great kingdom depended on it

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4
Q

What did Scylla do during peacetime at the regal tower?

A

Attempt to get music from the stones

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5
Q

Which Cretan leader did Scylla become infatuated with?

A

Minos

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6
Q

What did Scylla wish to do to end the war?

A

Lead her virgin steps through hostile ranks and meet Minos

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7
Q

True or False: Scylla expressed a desire to betray her father for Minos.

A

True

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8
Q

What did Scylla believe was more valuable than gold?

A

Her father’s crimson lock of hair

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9
Q

What act did Scylla commit against her father?

A

She stole his lock of hair

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10
Q

What was Minos’s reaction to Scylla’s offering?

A

He rejected her and was horrified by her act

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11
Q

How did Scylla feel after Minos rejected her?

A

She was filled with virulent rage

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12
Q

What transformation did Scylla undergo at the end of the story?

A

She was changed into the bird called Ciris the Shearer

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13
Q

Why did Minos build a labyrinth?

A

To contain the hybrid monster child of the queen

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14
Q

Who designed the labyrinth for Minos?

A

Daedalus

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15
Q

True or False: Scylla successfully persuaded Minos to accept her offering.

A

False

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16
Q

Who designed the labyrinth to imprison the Minotaur?

A

Daedalus

Daedalus was highly celebrated for his skill in architecture.

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17
Q

Who helped Theseus navigate the labyrinth?

A

Ariadne Minos daughter

Ariadne provided Theseus with a thread to find his way back.

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18
Q

What did Bacchus do for Ariadne after Theseus abandoned her?

A

He embraced her and set her crown in the sky as a constellation

This constellation retained the outline of a crown.

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19
Q

Why did Daedalus want to escape Crete?

A

He yearned for his own land but was held back by the sea

Daedalus felt frustrated with his long exile.

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20
Q

What did Daedalus create to escape from Crete?

A

Wings made of feathers and wax

Daedalus arranged the feathers in a specific sequence to mimic bird wings.

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21
Q

What warning did Daedalus give Icarus before they flew?

A

Limit your flight to the region between heaven and earth

Daedalus warned Icarus about flying too high or too low.

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22
Q

What caused Icarus to fall from the sky?

A

The wax in his wings melted when he flew too close to the Sun

Icarus ignored his father’s warnings and pursued a higher path.

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23
Q

What tragic event happened to Icarus?

A

He fell into the sea and drowned

The sea was named after him, called Icaria.

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24
Q

What invention did Perdix, Daedalus’ nephew, create?

A

The saw

Perdix was also credited with inventing a compass-like tool.

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25
What was Daedalus' reaction to Perdix's inventions?
He was jealous and threw Perdix from a citadel ## Footnote This act led to Perdix being transformed into a bird by Minerva.
26
What did Diana send to punish King Oeneus?
A wild boar ## Footnote The boar was sent as revenge for not being honored.
27
Who assembled to hunt the wild boar?
Meleager and a handpicked group of warriors ## Footnote Notable warriors included Theseus, Atalanta, and Castor and Pollux.
28
What was the size of the boar sent by Diana?
It was immense, larger than bulls ## Footnote The boar caused widespread destruction to crops and livestock.
29
What did the people of Athens do after Theseus defeated the Minotaur?
They no longer paid tribute to Crete ## Footnote Athens began to flourish with flowers adorning temples.
30
Who is Atalanta?
A girl from Tegeae, the pride of the Lycaean woods ## Footnote Atalanta is known for her exceptional hunting skills and is often depicted as a strong female character in mythology.
31
What does Meleager feel upon seeing Atalanta?
A great desire ## Footnote This desire is complicated by the gods' disapproval of his feelings.
32
What happens when the boar charges the hunters?
It scatters the dogs and routs the barking pack ## Footnote The boar's charge is likened to lightning, emphasizing its ferocity.
33
What advice does Theseus give to Pirithoüs?
To keep his distance from the boar ## Footnote Theseus warns Pirithoüs against rash courage after Ancaeus' death.
34
What is Meleager's role in the hunt?
He throws two spears, the second of which wounds the boar ## Footnote Meleager's skill as a hunter is highlighted as he delivers the decisive blow.
35
What trophy does Meleager offer to Atalanta?
The wild boar's bristly hide and its head with huge tusks ## Footnote This act signifies Meleager's admiration for Atalanta's bravery.
36
What do Plexippus and Toxeus accuse Atalanta of?
Robbing them of their glory and honors ## Footnote Their jealousy leads to conflict during the celebration of the hunt.
37
What does Meleager do in response to Plexippus and Toxeus, his uncles?
He kills both of them ## Footnote This act of violence is a direct consequence of their jealousy and disrespect towards Atalanta.
38
How does Althaea react to the deaths of her brothers?
She transitions from mourning to seeking revenge ## Footnote Althaea's emotional turmoil is central to the narrative.
39
What was the prophecy given to Althaea regarding Meleager?
His life would be as long as a burning log ## Footnote This prophecy foreshadows the eventual conflict between Althaea's maternal instincts and her desire for vengeance.
40
What does Althaea ultimately decide to do with the log?
She throws it into the flames to kill Meleager ## Footnote This act represents a tragic resolution to her internal conflict.
41
Who are the Eumenides?
Three goddesses of retribution ## Footnote They are invoked for revenge in Greek mythology.
42
What does Althaea wish to achieve by killing her son?
To exact revenge for her brothers' deaths ## Footnote She feels compelled to commit further wrongs to balance the scales of justice.
43
What internal conflict does Althaea experience?
Struggle between her role as a mother and her desire for revenge ## Footnote She grapples with her feelings toward her son Meleager.
44
How does Meleager react to his impending death?
Feels his gut being scorched and is saddened by the lack of glory in his death ## Footnote He reflects on his past and calls for his family.
45
What horrific act does Althaea commit after Meleager's death?
She plunges a sword into her own body ## Footnote This act signifies her remorse for her actions.
46
What transformation do Meleager's sisters undergo?
They are transformed into birds ## Footnote This is a punishment by Diana for their excessive mourning.
47
What does the god Acheloüs advise Theseus regarding the river?
To stay under his roof until the stream calms ## Footnote Acheloüs warns of the dangers of the swollen river.
48
What is the significance of the Echinades islands?
They were once nymphs transformed into islands ## Footnote Their transformation was a result of Acheloüs's anger.
49
What happened to Perimele according to Acheloüs?
She was saved by Acheloüs after being cast into the sea ## Footnote Acheloüs prayed for her to be granted a place in the sea.
50
What story does Lelex recount to illustrate the power of the gods?
The story of Philemon and Baucis ## Footnote They offered hospitality to gods in disguise, leading to divine rewards.
51
What does Baucis do to welcome the gods?
Sets out a bench and revives the fire ## Footnote Her actions reflect her hospitality and piety.
52
Who are the main characters in the story told by Lelex?
Baucis and Philemon
53
What do Baucis and Philemon offer the visiting gods?
Hospitality and a meal
54
What transformation happens to Baucis and Philemon's home?
It is transformed into a temple with pillars, a golden roof, and marble floors
55
What do Baucis and Philemon wish for when the gods offer them a boon?
To serve as priests of the temple and to die together
56
What happens to Baucis and Philemon at the end of the story when they die?
They are transformed into trees that grow together
57
What is the consequence of Erysichthon's actions against the sacred oak?
He is punished by Ceres with insatiable hunger
58
What does Erysichthon do to the sacred oak tree?
He cuts it down despite its sacredness and the warnings from the nymph
59
What does Ceres plan to use as a form of punishment for Erysichthon?
Deadly Hunger
60
What physical description is given to Hunger when she is found?
Coarse hair, hollow eyes, pale face, and scabby throat, skeletal body
61
What does the story suggest about the relationship between humans and the gods?
Humans should show respect and hospitality to the gods
62
What type of tree was the sacred oak that Erysichthon cut down?
A massive oak loved by Ceres
63
What is the final fate of Erysichthon after being punished?
He suffers from insatiable hunger
64
What happens when Hunger embraces Erysichthon?
She breathes herself into him, spreading hunger through his empty veins.
65
What happens to Erysichthon's wealth due to his hunger?
His appetite diminishes his paternal riches.
66
What does Erysichthon ultimately sell due to his hunger?
His daughter.
67
What is the name of Erysichthon's daughter?
Maestra.
68
How does Maestra escape her fate?
Neptune transforms her shape to look like a male.
69
What happens to Maestra after she escapes?
Erysichthon sells her multiple times, and she escapes each time by changing her form.
70
What does Erysichthon do when he runs out of food?
He begins to gnaw on his own limbs.
71
Who is Acheloüs in the context of this story?
A figure who can change shape, discussing his own transformations.
72
Who is Proteus?
An ancient sea god, sometimes called the Old Man of the Sea, a shapeshifter ## Footnote Proteus is known in mythology for his ability to change shape.
73
What are dryads?
Tree nymphs ## Footnote Dryads are mythological beings associated with trees.
74
Who was Ceres?
The goddess of crops and food ## Footnote Ceres is a significant figure in Roman mythology, representing agriculture.
75
What are oreads?
Nymphs of the mountains ## Footnote Oreads are associated with mountain environments, similar to how dryads are connected to trees.

Ovid Metamorphoses (13 decks)

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