BOOK 1

Question 1

The word philosophy comes from two Greek words: philos (_______) and sophia (____).

Answer 1

love, wisdom

Question 2

-A mathematician and scientist, he was credited with formulating the Pythagorean theorem. His work earned him many followers, and he established a community of leamers who were devated to the study of religion and philosophy

Answer 2

Pythagoras

Question 3

He proposed that everything that exists is based on a higher order or plan which he called logos. For him, change is a permanent aspect of the human condition as he was credited with the saying, “No man ever steps in the same river twice”

Answer 3

Heraclitus

Question 4

He devoted himself to the study of the causes of natural phenomena. He was among the first to propose that matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms

Answer 4

Democritus

Question 5

He was a known advocate of living a simple and virtuous life.

Answer 5

Diogenes of Sinope

Question 6

He believed that philosophy could enable man to live a life of happiness.

Answer 6

Epicurus

Question 7

He was considered the foremost philosopher of ancient times. He made great contributions to the field of ethics. Socrates was a known critic of intellectuals during his time, but he himself did not claim to be “wise” and merely considered himself a “midwife” that helped inquiring minds achieve wisdom

Answer 7

Socrates

Question 8

a means of examining a topic by devising a series of questions that let the learner examine and analyze his knowledge and views regarding the topic.

Answer 8

Socratic Method

Question 9

A student of Socrates, he wrote down his teachings and incorporated some of his own ideas into them.

Answer 9

Plato

Question 10

He attended the Academy, and was a prominent student of Plato

Answer 10

Aristotle

Question 11

a method of inquiry where two opposing ideas are discussed in an attempt to arrive at new knowledge

Answer 11

dialectica

Question 12

Plato’s lasting contribution to learning was his founding of the ______, an institution of higher learning which was the first of its kind in the Western World.

Answer 12

Academy

Question 13

the process by which specific statements are analyzed to reach a conclusion or generalization

Answer 13

deductive reasoning

Question 14

is defined as a way of thinking about the world and is composed of the views and beliefs of a person

Answer 14

framework

Question 15

Questions dealing with our own correctness and values are considered _____ ______ which can be addressed using our own personal frameworks.

Answer 15

internal question

Question 16

Also, there are _______ _______ that seek to question the very frameworks upon which people base their own beliefs and views.

Answer 16

internal question

Question 17

The philosophy which deals with beauty and what makes things “beautiful” is called ______

Answer 17

Aesthetics

Question 18

______ is the branch of philosophy which deals with correct reasoning.

Answer 18

logic

Question 19

________ discusses the nature of knowledge and knowing.

Answer 19

Epistemology

Question 20

________ _______ studies governments and deals with questions of justice, power and the rights and obligations of citizens.

Answer 20

Political Philosophy

Question 21

__________ is a branch of philosophy which deals with questions regarding reality and existence.

Answer 21

Metaphysics

Question 22

_____ thinking refers to a perspective that considers large-scale patterns in systems

Answer 22

Holistic

Question 23

______ _____, focuses on specific aspects of a situation.

Answer 23

Partial thinking

Question 24

requires a person to be willing to examine one’s thoughts, feelings, and actions and to learn more about one’s life and experiences.

Answer 24

Reflection

Question 25

is one intended product of philosophizing, and this refers to a person’s ability to apply knowledge to daily life particularly in making sound choices and judgment.

Answer 25

wisdom

Question 26

is a judgment based on certain facts.

Answer 26

conclusion

Question 27

are statements that express convictions that are not easily and clearly explained by facts

Answer 27

beliefs

Question 28

are statements that assume the claim to be true and provide reasons why the statement is true

Answer 28

Explanations

Question 29

Are a series of statements that provide reasons to convince the reader or listener that a claim or opinion is truthful

Answer 29

Arguments

Question 30

is the branch of Philosophy that focuses on the analysis of arguments

Answer 30

Logic