Bony pelvis Flashcards
Function of bony pelvis?
Support spine, torso
Locomotion
Protect pelvic viscera
State 5 articulations bony pelvis:
- Hip joint- head of the femur and socket (asetabulum) of pelvis
- Sacroiliac joint- sacrum and the ilium of the hip bone
- Pubic symphysis- between the two pubic bones
- Lumbosacral joint- 5th lumbar vertebrae and the sacrum
- Sacrococcygeal joint- between sacrum and coccyx
What joint is between 2 pubic bones?
Pubic symphysis
What is the ascetabulum of pelvis?
The ilium, ischium and pubis of the hip bone fuse at the acetabulum
What 3 bones in hip bone?
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
What is lvl of iliac crest?
L4/L5
Lumbar puncture
Where does the inguinal ligament run?
Anterior superior iliac spine to pubic tubercle
What is palpable at mid-inguinal point?
Femoral artery
Where is anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)?
Anterior point ilium
What does McBurneys point mark?
Base appendix
State 3 differences between male and female anatomy pelvis?
Female- wider, cicular pelvic inlet (childbirth)
obtuse angle- inferior pubic rami
wider and shorter sacrum
Is prostate present men or female?
Men (dad poster)
What is arterial supply to pelvis?
Branches
Bladder, prostate, seminal
Rectum
Internal pudenal
Superior and inferior gluteal
L and R iliac arteries
Branch:
* Vesical arteries - supply the bladder in both sexes, and the prostate and seminal vesicles in males
(Uterine and vaginal- females)
* Middle rectal artery - supplies the rectum.
* Internal pudendal artery - perineum.
* Superior and inferior gluteal arteries - gluteal
Venous drainage of pelvis?
Venous plexus
Internal iliac vein
What do sacral nerves of pelvis form?
Sacral plexus
What nerve innervates:
Pelvis and lower limb
Perineum
Gluteal
Pelvic viscera
- Sciatic nerve- formed by lower lumbar and sacral spinal nerves L4-S3. Exit pelvis and supplies lower limb
- Pudendal nerve- S2-S4- major nerve of the perineum.
- Superior and inferior gluteal nerves- innervate gluteal region
- Pelvic splanchnic nerves- carry parasympathetic fibres from S2-S4 spinal cord segments to the pelvic viscera
3 functions of pelvic floor?
- Prevent herniation of the pelvic organs out of pelvis
- Control continence of urine and faeces- sphincter action on urethra and rectum
- Aid in increasing intra-abdominal pressure.
What 2 muscles make up pelvic floor?
Levator ani (3 paired)
Coccygeus
What makes up leavator ani?
Innervation?
1) Puborectalis- U-shaped muscle attaches to pubic bones-forms sling around rectum. Control defecation preventing defecation. (most inside)
2. Pubococcygeus -attaches to the pubic bone anteriorly, and the coccyx and sacrum posteriorly (middle)
3. Iliococcygeus- attaches spines of ischium (not the ilium) and the coccyx.
S4
Some pudenal S2-S4
What pelvic floor muscle controls defecation?
Puborectalis
Name 4 things can weaken pelvic floor?
Childbirth
Ageing
Straining
Obesity
What is immediately superficial and inferior to pelvic floor?
Perineum
What 2 triangles is perineum split into?
Anal triangle
Urogenital triangle
What are 5 layers of urogenital triangle?
1) Skin- urethra and vagina open up
2) Perineal fascia
3) Superficial perineal pouch- pot space- erectile tissues, 3 muscles: ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus and the
superficial transverse perineal muscles
4) Perineal membrane- provides support for attachment ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus
5) Deep perineal pouch- potential space between perineal membrane and pelvic floor muscles
Contains parts of vagina, urethra and the external urethral sphincter
