Bones of the cranium and skull foramina Flashcards
Label the following diagram:
Label the following diagram:
Label the following diagram:
Label the following diagram:
Label the following diagram:
Label the following diagram:
Label the following diagram:
Which nerve passes through the cribriform plate of ethmoid?
Olfactory nerve fibres pass through cribriform plate of ethmoid
Which foramen do olfactory nerve fibres pass through?
Cribriform plate of ethmoid
Which nerve and vessels pass through the optic canal?
Optic nerve
Central artery of retinal
Ophthalmic artery
(all pass through the optic canal)
Which foramen does the optic nerve pass through, along with the central artery of retinal, and ophthalmic artery?
Optic canal
Which nerves and vessels pass through the superior orbital fissure?
Oculomotor (III)
Trochlear (IV)
Ophthalmic division of V (V1)
Abducent (VI)
Superior ophthalmic vein
(all pass through superior orbital fissure)
Which foramen do the oculomotor, trochlear, ophthalmic division of trigeminal, and abducent nerves pass through, along with the superior ophthalmic vein?
Superior orbital fissure
Which nerve passes through the foramen rotundum?
Maxillary division of trigeminal (V2)
Which foramen does the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (V2) pass through?
Foramen rotundum
Which nerve passes through the foramen ovale?
Mandibular division of trigeminal (V3) passes through foramen ovale
Which foramen does the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3) pass through?
Foramen ovale
Which vessel passes through the foramen lacerum and sphenopetrosal fissure?
Internal carotid artery passes through foramen lacerum; sphenopetrosal fissure
Which foramen does the internal carotid artery pass through?
Internal carotid artery passes through foramen lacerum; sphenopetrosal fissure
Which vessels pass through the foramen spinosum?
Middle meningeal artery and vein pass through foramen spinosum
Which foramen do the middle meningeal artery and vein pass through?
Middle meningeal artery and vein pass through foramen spinosum
Which vessel passes through the carotid canal and internal aperture?
Internal carotid artery passes through carotid canal, internal aperture
Which foramen does the internal carotid artery pass through?
Internal carotid artery passes through carotid canal, internal aperture
Which nerves and vessel pass through the internal acoustic meatus?
Facial (VII)
Vestibulocochlear (VIII)
Labyrinthine artery
(all pass through internal acoustic meatus)
Which foramen do the facial (VII) nerve, vestibulocochlear (VIII) nerve and labyrinthine artery pass through?
The facial (VII) nerve, vestibulocochlear (VIII) nerve, and labyrinthine artery pass through the internal acoustic meatus
Which nerves and vessels pass through the jugular foramen?
Glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve
Vagus (X) nerve
Accessory (XI) nerve
Sigmoid sinus –> internal jugular vein
(all pass through jugular foramen)
Which foramen do the glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve, vagus (X) nerve, accessory (XI) nerve, and sigmoid sinus –> internal jugular vein pass through?
The glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve, vagus (X) nerve, accessory (XI) nerve, and sigmoid sinus –> internal jugular vein pass through the jugular foramen
Which nerve passes through the hypoglossal canal?
Hypoglossal (XII) nerve passes through the hypoglossal canal
Which foramen does the hypoglossal (XII) nerve pass through?
The hypoglossal (XII) nerve passes through the hypoglossal canal
Which nerves, vessels and structures pass through the foramen magnum?
Vertebral arteries
Medulla of brain
Spinal roots of accessory nerves
(all pass through foramen magnum)
Which foramen do the vertebral arteries, medulla of brain, and spinal roots of accessory nerve pass through?
Vertebral arteries, medulla of brain, and spinal roots of accessory nerve pass through foramen magnum.
Which nerve passes through the stylomastoid foramen?
Facial nerve (VII) passes through the stylomastoid foramen
Which vessels pass through the foramen cecum?
Emissary veins to nasal cavity pass through foramen cecum
Which vessel passes through the condylar canal?
Emissary vein passes through condylar canal
Which structures pass through the supraorbital foramen?
Supraorbital nerve and vessels pass through the supraorbital foramen
Which structures pass through the infraorbital foramen?
Infraorbital nerve and vessels pass through the infraorbital foramen
Which structures pass through the mental foramen?
Mental nerve and vessels pass through the mental foramen
Which nerve passes through the zygomaticofacial foramen?
Zygomaticofacial nerve
Which vessels pass through the parietal foramen?
Emissary veins
Which structures pass through the incisive foramen?
Nasopalatine nerve
Sphenopalatine vessels
Which structures pass through the greater palatine foramen?
Greater palatine nerve and vessels
Which structures pass through the lesser palatine foramen?
Lesser palatine nerve and vessels
Which structures pass through the pterygoid canal?
Pterygoid nerve and vessels
Which foramen is filled with cartilage?
Foramen lacerum
What is the pterion, and what is its clinical importance in relationship to the middle meningeal artery?
The pterion is at the temple- a small circular area enclosing the region where the sphenoid, frontal, parietal, and temporal bones of the skull come together. It is a weak point.
Lateral blows to the head can fracture the internal table of bone of the skull and tear the middle meningeal artery in the outer layer of dura mater that is fused to the cranium. Blood under pulsatile arterial pressure leaks out of the vessel and gradually separates the dura from the bone, forming a progressively larger extradural haematoma.
