Bones (Exam 2) Flashcards
What is the study of bones?
Osteology
What is the major producer of blood cells?
Red bone marrow
The connective tissue that makes up bones is called
osseous tissue
Thin, often curved, bones are classified as what shape?
Flat bone
What shape is the humerus?
Long bone
What bone shape are vertebrae classified as?
Irregular
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
Protection, blood formation, acid-base balance, support
What bone shape are the carpal bones of the wrist?
Short
Which osseous tissue is found at the surface of all bones?
Compact
Most long bones are found in
the limbs
Stem cells in developing bone that gives rise to osteoblasts are called
osteogenic cells
Hydroxyapatite makes up part of the _________ component of the bony matrix
Inorganic
What are the layers of the bony matrix in compact bone tissue called?
Lamellae
Within compact bone, a central canal is found at the center of
an osteon
T/F Compact bone comprises most of the diaphysis of a long bone
True
T/F Osteogenic cells are stem cells in the endosteum, periosteum, and central canals that can become chondrocytes
False
T/F Spongy bone is primarily made up of osteons
False
The layers of bony matrix arranged around the central canal of an osteon are called
Concentric lamellae
In longitudinal views, osteons are
cylinders
Where is red bone marrow found in the bones of a child?
Almost all bones
Which structures in the spongy bone line up along the bone’s stress lines?
Trabeculae
The basic structural unit of compact bone is
osteon
Fatty bone marrow that no longer produces blood cells is
yellow bone marrow
In adults, which bone marrow is limited to the axial skeleton, pectoral, and pelvic girdles, and proximal heads of the humerus and femur?
Red bone marrow