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Kin 110 > Bones and Joints > Flashcards

Bones and Joints Flashcards

1
Q

The bone is

A

Dynamic living tissue that continuously is in the process of dynamic remodeling

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2
Q

Human skeleton consists of __ naked bones in 2 groups
___
___

A

206

Axial skeleton (80)

Skull bones, ribs, sternum

Appendicular (126)

Bones of upper/lower limbs and girdled that connect the limbs to axial

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3
Q

Long bone

A

Greater length than width

Functions as levers

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4
Q

Short bone

A

Cube shaped
For force dispersion
Found in confined spaces

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5
Q

Flat bone

A 
Sternum
Thin layers of parallel plates
Good for protection
Broad dense surface 
Large area for muscle attachment
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6
Q

Irregular bone

A

Complex shapes
Many surface marking

Ex vertebrae certain bones of skull

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7
Q

Sesamoid

A

Shape like a sesame seed
Knee cap
Small indépendant bone
Often embedded into a tendon at the point it crosses a joint

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8
Q

Depression and openings

A

Allow passage of soft tissues

Form joints

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9
Q

Processes

A

Projections or outgrowths that form joints

Attachement points for ligament and tendons

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10
Q

Tubercle

A

Variably sizes rounded projection

Articulate tubercle

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11
Q

Tuberosity

A

Variably sizes projection with rough bumpy surface

Sacral
Tuberosity

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12
Q

Fissure

A

Narrow slit between bones for passage of blood vessels or nerves

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13
Q

Foramen

A

Hole for passage of blood vessels, nerves or ligaments

Ex
Intervertebral foramen

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14
Q

Fossa

A

Shallow depression

Articulate with another bone to form a joint

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15
Q

Sulcus

A

Furrow on a bone for passage of blood vessel nerve or tendon

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16
Q

Meatus

A

Tube like opening

Ex
Ear canal

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17
Q

Condyle

A

Rounded projection with a smooth articulate surface

Ex femoral condyle

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18
Q

Epicondyle

A

Usually roughened projection on a condyle

19
Q

Line (Lyna)

A

Long narrow ridge or border

20
Q

Facet

A

Smooth flat, slightly concave articulate surface

21
Q

Head

A

Usually rounded articulate process supported by a neck

22
Q

Crest

A

Prominent ridge or elongated process

23
Q

Spinous process

A

Sharp slender projection

24
Q

Trochanter

A

Very large projection found ONLY on the femur

25
Q

Articulation

Arthrosis

A

Point of contact between two bones, bone cartilage

Hold bones together permitting movement

Flexible connective tissue form joints

Joint

26
Q

How joints are classified

A

Structurally

Is there a joint cavity
What connective tissue

Functionally

What degree of movement is permitted

27
Q

Synovial joints

A

There’s a joint cavity
Articulate cartilage at the ends of long bones
Hip knee shoulder

28
Q

Cartilaginous

A

No joint cavity
Cartilage connective tissue

Synchondrosis- hyaline cartilage no movement

Symphysis- fibrocartilage some movement

29
Q

Fibrous

A

Sutures - dense fibrosis CT

Syndesmoses- more dense fibrous CT than sutures

30
Q

Sybchondrosis

A

Hyaline cartilage is the connecting

Synarthroses

31
Q

Symphysis

A

Bones are connected by a broad flat disk

Anarthroses

32
Q

Fibrous joints

Sutures

A

Thin layer of fibrous connective tissue that Unite bones of the skull together

33
Q

Synedesmoses

Fibrous joints

A

A greater distance between bones than in a suture so there is more connective tissue

34
Q

Fibrous joints

Gomophoses

A

A joint in which a cone shaped peg fits into a socket

35
Q

Synovial joints

A

Cavity between the articulating blend that is filled with fluids

Fluid is lubrication

Joints are freely movable

Joint surrounded by sleeve to help enclose bones together

36
Q

Planar joints

A

Synovial

Flat surfaces opposing one another

Slide or slide rotation

37
Q

Hinge joints

A

Synovial

Convex surface of one bone fits into concave if another

Angular opening in motion

38
Q

Pivot joints

A

Synovial

Rounded or pointed surface of one bone articulated with a ring formed part of another bone

Rotation along its longitudinal axis

39
Q

Condyloid joint

A

Synovial

Movement in z axis
Knuckle digging into shallow

Biplanes motion

40
Q

SAddle joints

A

Synovial joint
Saddle shaped bone fits into a saddle as a ride le would sit

Bipolar motion with limited spinning

41
Q

Ball and socket joint

A

3 axis of movement

42
Q

Soft tissue

A

Bursae - synovial fluid filled sacked
Cushioned movement

Bursitis - inflammation of a bursae

43
Q

Pads of fibrocartilage are sometimes found between the articulate surfaces of synovial joints

A

Increase movement and force dispersion

Kin 110 (2 decks)

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