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1036 > Bones and Joints > Flashcards

Bones and Joints Flashcards

1
Q

What are 4 types of bone cells?

A

Osteocytes
Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Osteoprogenitor cells

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2
Q

What do osteocytes do?

A

Monitor and maintain mineralisation of bone matrix

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3
Q

What do osteoblasts do?

A

Form bone using mineralisation and synthesis deposition

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4
Q

What do osteoclasts do?

A

Bone reabsorption

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5
Q

What do osteoprogenitor cells do?

A

Differentiate into osteoblasts

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6
Q

What is the epiphysis?

A

The end/head of the bone found at the proximal or distal end.

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7
Q

What is the growth plate?

A

It separates the epiphysis and metaphysis.

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8
Q

What is the metaphysis?

A

The slightly wider part of a long bone, between the shaft and the head.

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9
Q

What is the diaphysis?

A

The long shaft of the bone, specifically the proximal and distal sections.

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10
Q

What is the apophysis?

A

Where the tendon attaches.

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11
Q

Name and describe the 4 types of epiphysis

A

Atavistic - independent bone which later fuses with another bone
Aberrant epiphysis - only 1 epiphysis present toward the head of the bone
Pressure epiphysis - present to form a joint
Traction epiphysis - non-articular region of the long bone

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12
Q

What are the 3 classifications of bone?

A

Shape
Developmental
Structural

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13
Q

What are the Shape classifications of bone?

A

Long
Short
Flat
Irregular
Pneumatic
Sesamoid
Accessory

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14
Q

What are the Developmental classifications of bone?

A

Membranous
Cartilaginous
Membrano-cartilagenous
Somatic
Visceral

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15
Q

What are the Structural classifications of bone?

A

Macroscopical
Microscopical

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16
Q

What is a joint?

A

Where two or more bones come together

17
Q

What are the 5 main classifications of joints?

A

Structural
Cartilaginous
Synovial
Functional
Number of articulating bones

18
Q

What are the Structural classifications of a joint?

A

Fibrous
Syndesmosis
Gomphosis

19
Q

What are the Cartilaginous classifications of a joint?

A

Primary
Secondary

20
Q

What are the Synovial classifications of a joint?

A

Ball and socket
Hinge
Saddle
Pivot
Gilding/plane
Ellipsoid/condyloid

21
Q

What are the Functional classifications of a joint?

A

Synarthrosis
Ambhiarthrosis
Diarthroses

22
Q

What are the Number of Articulating bones classifications of a joint?

A

Simple (2)
Compound (2+)
Complex

23
Q

What is the structure of a complex joint?

A
  • No blood supply
  • No articular cartilage in arthritic patients
  • Pain comes from free endings in arthritic patients

1036 (12 decks)

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