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Hip > Bones And Joints > Flashcards

Bones And Joints Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior palpable structures

A 
Iliac crest
Asis 
Inguinal ligament
Pubic tubercle
Pubic symphysis
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2
Q

Posterior palpable structures

A 
Psis 
Sacrum
Sacral spinous processes
Coccyx 
Ischial tuberosity
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3
Q

Proximal femur (anterior)

A 
Femoral head
Femoral neck
Greater trochanter
Intertrochanteric line
Lesser trochanter
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4
Q

Femur (posterior)

A

Pectineal line
Gluteal tuberosity
Intertrochanteric crest
Linea aspera

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5
Q

Femoral neck inclination

A

125 degrees
>130 = coxa valga
<120= coxa vara

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6
Q

Femoral torsion

A

12-15 degrees
<= retroversion
>=anteversion

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7
Q

Femoral head blood supply

A

Ligamentum teres
Medial and lateral circumflex arteries
Nutrient arteries within femoral shaft

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8
Q

Hip joint

A 
Synovial polyaxial ball and socket joint
3 degrees of freedom
Flex/ext
Abd/add
Med/lat rotation
Circumduction
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9
Q

Acetabulum

A

Lunate surface of hyaline cartilage-horseshoe shaped
•Thickest above and centrally, for weight bearing
•Non articular region of acetabular fossa and notch is covered with fat

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10
Q

Acetabular labrum

A

Fibro cartilaginous rim

Triangular in cross section

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11
Q

Head of femur

A
  • Spheroid in shape, covered in hyaline cartilage
  • Thicker centrally than at the periphery
  • Cartilage is deficient over the fovea
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12
Q

Ligaments of hip joint

A
  • Iliofemoral ligament (anterior)
  • Pubofemoral ligament (anterior)
  • Ischiofemoral ligament (posterior)
  • Ligamentum Teres (internal)
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13
Q

Iliofemoral ligament

A 
•Formed by two bands (superior and Inferior)
•Apex
–from the AIIS
•Base
–To the intertrochanteric line
•Superior band limits
–Extension
–Adduction
•Inferior band limits
–Extension
–Abduction
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14
Q

Pubofemoral ligament

A 
•Base
–from the pubic eminence
•Apex
–to the capsule and
   the medial band of the
   iliofemoral ligament and intertrochanteric line
•Limits
–Extension
–Abduction
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15
Q

Ischiofemoral ligament

A 
•From
–the inferior aspect of
   the ischium
•To
–the capsule and the  
   anterior part of the
   greater trochanter deep
    to the iliofemoral ligament
•Limits
–Extension
–Medial Rotation
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16
Q

Ligamentum teres

A 
•Apex
–from a pit (Fovea) in the head of the femur
•Base
–to the acetabular notch
–and transverse acetabular ligament
17
Q

Inguinal ligament

A

Connects the ASIS to pubic tubercle

18
Q

Hip joint stability

A
  • Strong surrounding ligaments
  • Cup shaped acetabulum
  • Deepened by the acetabular labrum
  • Strong capsule
  • Vacuum effect of ball within socket
  • Oblique angle of femoral neck
  • Arrangement of powerful surrounding muscles
19
Q

Limitation to range of motion

A
  • Tension of antagonists
  • Soft tissue apposition
  • Tension of ligaments limits range
  • Relative congruency of the articular surfaces
20
Q

Hip range of motion

A
  • Flexion 100-120 degrees
  • Extension 15-20 degrees
  • Abduction 40-45 degrees
  • Adduction 15-30 degrees
  • Lateral rotation 45-60 degrees
  • Medial rotation 30-40 degrees
21
Q

Close packed position

A

–Maximum extension,
–medial rotation and
–Abduction

22
Q

Open packed position

A

–Slight flexion,
–abduction and
–lateral rotation

23
Q

Sacro iliac joint

A

Classification
–Synovial, plane joint

•Ridged articular surfaces

•Joint motion
–Nutation and counter-nutation

24
Q

Nutation

A
  • The sacrum moves forward into the pelvis

* This is the closed packed position of the SIJ

25
Q

Counter nutation

A

The sacrum moves backwards

26
Q

SIJ ligaments

A

•Capsule
–Attached to the margins of the articular surfaces of sacrum and ilium
–Lined with synovial membrane

27
Q

Interosseous sacro iliac ligament

A

•Massive ligament forming the bond between ilium and sacrum (Syndesmosis)
•From:
–Posterior aspect of the auricular surface on the ilium
•To:
–posterior aspect of the auricular surface on the sacrum

28
Q

Ventral sacro iliac ligament

A 
•From
–Lateral sacrum
•To
–the medial aspect of the ilium
•Thickening of the capsule
•Provides anterior stability
29
Q

Sacrotuberous ligament

A 
From:
–PSIS,
–Sacral  tubercles
–Lateral margins of Sacrum and Coccyx
• To:
–Ischial tuberosity
–Ischial ramus
•Limits:
–Nutation of the sacrum
–Posterior rotation of the ilium
30
Q

Sacrospinous ligament

A 
Apex from:
–the spine of the ischium
•To:
–The lateral margin of the sacrum and coccyx
•Limits:
–Nutation of the sacrum
–Posterior rotation of the ilium
31
Q

Ilio lumbar ligament

A 
Upper band
•From:
–Transverse processes of  L5
•To:
–Posterior aspect of the iliac crest
Lower band
•From:
–Transverse processes of L5
•To:
–anterior sacrum and ventral sacro-iliac ligament
32
Q

Symphysis pubis

A 
Classification
–Secondary Cartilaginous joint
•Interpubic Disc
•Superior Pubic Ligament
•Inferior Arcuate Ligament
•Minimal recorded movement

Hip (2 decks)

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