Bones Flashcards
What is endochondral ossification?
The process by which long bones are formed.
What is the diaphysis?
shaft of long bones
What are the epiphysii?
Ends of long bones from which growth occurs
What is the cartilage between the diaphysis and the epiphysis called?
physis or epiphyseal growth plate
What are the five categories of bones?
Long bones - act as levers, store minerals, aid in locomotion; found in limbs
Short Bones - Absorb concussion; found in the carpus and tarsus
Flat Bones - Create cavities to protect vital organs; found in skull
Irregular Bones - Protect the spinal cord; vertebrae
Sesamoid Bones - Act as a fulcrum for the tendons; navicular bone, sesamoids at the back of the fetlock
What is articular cartilidge?
Cartilidge found on the ends of bones that are involved in synovial joints.
What is the periosteum?
Fibrous membrane that covers the outside of bones.
What is cortical bone?
aka compact bone, hard outer shell of the bone
What is the endosteum?
fibrous membrane that lines the inside of the cortical bone or medullary cavity
What is the medullary cavity?
inside area of the long bones, filled with bone marrow
What is cancellous bone?
porous bone tissue that is found in the found inside the medullary cavity
What is the rubbery covering on a foal’s foot called?
eponychium
What is the order of bone closure?
Distal to proximal
What is the process by which short and flat bones are formed?
intramembranous ossification
What is a front limb called?
thoracic limb
