Bones

Question 1

What are mental foramina?

Answer 1

Openings located in the mandible
Allow for passages of mental branches of inferior alveolar nerves and vessels

Question 2

What is the mandibular foramen?

Answer 2

Opening on the inner surface of the mandible
Provides a passage for inferior alveolar nerves and blood vessels
Provides sensory and motor innervation to lower teeth and gums

Question 3

What is the coronoid process?

Answer 3

Structure which arises from the upper part of mandibular ramus
Thin, triangular shaped
Serves as an attachment site for temporalis muscle (involved in chewing)

Question 4

What is the angular process?

Answer 4

Located on back part of the mandible
Located at the junction between the ramus and body
Serves as an attachment site for muscles involved in chewing and facial expressions (masseter muscle and pterygoid)

Question 5

What are the masseteric and pterygoid fossae?

Answer 5

Depressions in which the muscles originate from (masseter muscle and pterygoid)

Question 6

What is the pectoral girdle in birds?

Answer 6

Bony structure that supports the wings and connects the wings to the rest of the body.
It is comprised of the scapula, coracoid, and the clavicle bones, which work together to provide stability and mobility for the bird’s wings.

Question 7

What is the clavicle in birds?

Answer 7

They are paired bones that are located on the bird’s chest, and they are situated at the base of the neck, where they connect to the sternum.
They are fused at their midline, forming a V-shaped structure that is important for flight

Question 8

What is the sternum keel in birds?

Answer 8

Sharply pointed bone that projects ventrally (downward) from the sternum of birds.
Serves as an attachment point for the large flight muscles