bone tumours- benign

Question 1

most common benign bone tumoue

Answer 1

osteochondroma

Question 2

def of osteochondroma

Answer 2

bony outgrowth on the external surface of bone surrounded by a cartilaginous cap

Question 3

symptoms of osteochondroma

Answer 3

asymptomatic

localised pain

Question 4

treatment of osteochondroma

Answer 4

excisional biopsy

if growing or causing localised pain

Question 5

cause of osteochondroma

Answer 5

unknown

growth plate?

Question 6

common site of osteochondroma

Answer 6

growth plate- epiphysis of long bones

most common in the knee

Question 7

who is affected by osteochondroma

Answer 7

children and young people

Question 8

enchondroma

Answer 8

intramedullary metaphyseal cartilaginous tumour

Question 9

cause of enchondroma

Answer 9

unknown

Question 10

symptoms of enchondroma

Answer 10

asymptomatic

may produce stress fractures

Question 11

common sites of enchonroma

Answer 11

small tubular bones of hand and feet

Question 12

appearance of enchondroma

Answer 12

usually lucid but can undergo mineraliseation to produce sclerotic appearance

Question 13

treatment of enchondroma

Answer 13

curagette

Question 14

simple bone cyst

Answer 14

a uncycstic solitary fluid filled cyst

Question 15

cause of simple bone cysts

Answer 15

a growth defect in the physis

Question 16

symptoms of simple bone cyst

Answer 16

can lead to pathological stress fracture

Question 17

common bones for simple bone cyst

Answer 17

long bones
talus
calcaneus

Question 18

who commonly gets simple bone cyst

Answer 18

children and young adults

Question 19

treatment for simple bone cyst

Answer 19

curagette
bone grafting
stabilisation

Question 20

aneurysmal bone cyst

Answer 20

lesion of bone contain fluid filled chambers

Question 21

symptoms of aneurysmal bone cyst

Answer 21

pain
from cortical expansion and bone destruction

pathological fractures due to bone weakness

Question 22

causes of aneurysmal bone cyst

Answer 22

small atriovenous malformations

Question 23

where aneurysmal bone cyst occurs

Answer 23

metaphysis of long bones
vertebral bodies
flat bones

Question 24

treatment of aneurysmal bone cyst

Answer 24

curagette
bone grafting
bone cement

Question 25

giant cell tumour causes

Answer 25

chromosome translocation- of chromosome 1 and 2

Question 26

symotoms of giant cell tumour

Answer 26

localised pain and patholigcal fractures

Question 27

where giant cell tumour occurs

Answer 27

epiphysis and metaphysis of long bones

around the knee

Question 28

treatment of giant cell tumours

Answer 28

intralesional excision
use of phenol, liquid or nitrogen to destroy remaining tumour
may require joint replacement

Question 29

complications of giant cell tumour

Answer 29

can metastasise to lungs

benign pulmonary giant cell tumour

Question 30

appearance of giant cell tumour on imaging

Answer 30

multinucleated giant cells

Question 31

fibrous dysplasia

Answer 31

disease of bone causing lesion of fibrous tissue and immature bone

Question 32

causes of fibrous dysplasia

Answer 32

genetic mutations causes alterations in the proteins involved in g protein signalling pathway

Question 33

symotoms of fibrous dysplasia

Answer 33

endocrine symptoms
stress fractures- due to angular deformities
shepard crook deformities- extensice proximal femur involvmeent

Question 34

where fibrous dysplasia occurs

Answer 34

head
neck
proximal femur

Question 35

who is affected by fibrous dysplasia

Answer 35

adolescence

Question 36

treatment for fibrous dysplasia

Answer 36

exsiosion and NSAIDs

Question 37

diagnosing fibrous dysplasia

Answer 37

CT

bone scan

Question 38

brodies abscess

Answer 38

interosseous abscess as a result of subacute osteomyelitis

Question 39

cause of brodies abcess

Answer 39

usually caused by staph aureus

Question 40

symptoms of brodies abscess

Answer 40

localised pain ast night usually relieved by NSAIDs

Question 41

treatment for brodies abscess

Answer 41

surgical exacuation and curagette under antibiotic cover

Question 42

APPEarance of brodies abcess

Answer 42

lytic

Question 43

causes of browns tumour

Answer 43

hyperparathyroidism

Question 44

who is affected by browns tumour

Answer 44

women

Question 45

treatment for browns tumour

Answer 45

treatment for underlying parathyroidism

parathyroidectomy

Question 46

what does browns tumour look luke

Answer 46

lytic