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Musculoskeletal + skin > Bone Tumors > Flashcards

Bone Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

Prominent osteoblasts w/ rim of reactive cortical bone

A

Osteoid osteoma + osteoblastoma

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2
Q

Symptoms of chondrosarcoma

A

Painful, progressively enlarging mass

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3
Q

Location of involvement of osteochondromas

A

Metaphysis of long tubular bones esp. near knee

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4
Q

Location of giant cell tumor involvement

A

Epiphysis of long bones

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5
Q

Osteolytic bone metastasis

A

Breast, kidney, lung mets

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6
Q

Associated w/ Gardner syndrome

A

Osteoma

Gardner syndrome= FAP + osteoma + fibromatosis of retroperitoneum

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7
Q

Benign bone forming tumors (3)

A

1) Osteoma
2) Osteoid osteoma
3) Osteoblastoma

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8
Q

Malignant proliferation of poorly differentiated cells derived from neuroectoderm

A

Ewing sarcoma

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9
Q

Difference between osteochondroma + hereditary multiple exostosis

A

Multiple herediatry exostosis has significantly increased risk for chondrosarcoma

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10
Q

Imaging findings for osteoid osteoma + osteoblastoma

A

Radiodense bony mass w/ lucent core (osteoid) within cortex

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11
Q

Risk factors/ epidemiology of primary osteosarcoma

A

Risk factors: Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Familial retinoblastoma, radiation

Epidemiology: Teenagers

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12
Q

Osteoblastic metastasis

A

From prostate CA

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13
Q

Histology: Disorganized cartilage in growth plate

A

Osteochondroma

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14
Q

Risk factors/ epidemiology of secondary osteosarcoma

A

1) Radiation
2) Paget disease
3) Bone infarcts

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15
Q

Malignant proliferation of osteoblasts

A

Osteosarcoma

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16
Q

Benign cartilage forming tumors (2)

A

1) Osteochondroma (& multiple hereditary exostosis- increased risk for chondrosarcoma)
2) Echondroma (& multiple echondroma disorders- increased risk for chondrosarcoma)

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17
Q

Histology of Ewing sarcoma

A

Small, round blue cells resembling lymphocytes (can be misdiagnosed as lymphoma)

Homer Wright rosettes

18
Q

Location of involvement of echondroma

A

Medullary cavity of small bones (hands + feet)

19
Q

Location of involvement of secondary osteosarcoma

A

Femur, pelvis, humerus

20
Q

Etiology of Ewing sarcoma

A

t(11;22) –> fusion protein EWS-FLI1

21
Q

Location of involvement of Ewing sarcoma

A

Diaphysis of long bones

22
Q

Tumor of osteoblasts that make large amounts of RANKL, stimulating osteoclasts to grow

A

Giant cell tumor

23
Q

Location of involvement of osteoid osteoma

A

Diaphysis of long bones (e.g. femur) within cortex

24
Q

Two diseases that appear same on imaging

A

Echondroma + chondrosarcoma- both appear lucent w/ internal mineralization

25
Q

Location of chondrosarcoma involvement

A

Medulla of pelvis or axial skeleton (shoulder, pelvis, proximal femur, ribs)

26
Q

Multiple echondroma disorders (2)

A

Ollier disease, Maffuci syndrome; associated w/ multiple sites of echondromas; increased risk of chondrosarcoma

27
Q

Histology of osteosarcoma (primary and secondary)

A

Malignant osteoblasts forming osteoid (disorganized pink matrix)

28
Q

Bone pain that resolves w/ ASA

A

Osteoid osteoma

29
Q

Location of involvement of primary osteosarcoma

A

Metaphysis of long bones, usually around the knee (distal femur, proximal tibia)

30
Q

Histology of giant cell tumors

A

multinucleated giant cells that express RANKL

31
Q

Symptoms of Ewing sarcoma

A

Painful, enlarging mass that’s frequently tender, warm, swollen

Systemic findings: fever, anemia, leukocytosis

32
Q

Histology of osteoid osteoma

A

Woven bone w/ prominent osteoblasts + rim of reactive cortical bone

33
Q

Differences between osteoid osteoma + osteoblastoma (3)

A

1) Location of involvement: osteoid osteoma involves diaphysis of long bones while osteoblastoma involves vertebrae.
2) Size- osteoid osteoma is less than 2 cm; osteoblastoma is larger than 2 cm
3) Aspirin- osteoid osteoma bone pain resolves with ASA; osteoblastoma bone pain doesn’t resolve w/ ASA

34
Q

Common location of osteomas

A

Facial bones/ skull

35
Q

Symptoms of osteosarcoma

A

Bone pain, pathologic fractures. No systemic sx.

36
Q

“Sunburst” appearance + Codman’s triange (lifting of periosteum) on imaging

A

Osteosarcoma (primary and secondary)

37
Q

Malignant cartilage forming tumor

A

Chondrosarcoma

38
Q

Cartilage-capped tumor attached by bony stalk (exostosis) to underlying skeleton

A

Osteochondroma

39
Q

Benign tumor of hyaline cartilage

A

Echondroma

40
Q

Soap bubble appearance on x-ray

A

Giant cell tumor

41
Q

Location of giant cell tumor involvement

A

Epiphysis of long bones, usually region of knee (distal femur/ proximal tibia)

42
Q

Histology of echondroma

A

Nodular hyaline cartilage w/ overlying rim of reactive bone

Musculoskeletal + skin (12 decks)

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