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Movement > Bone structure and function Part 1 > Flashcards

Bone structure and function Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Where does connective tissue originate from?
A

embryonic mesoderm

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2
Q
  1. How is connective tissue characterised?
A

Characterised by abundance of matrix with few cells when mature

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3
Q
  1. What is the extracellular matrix composed of
A

composed of:
- Collagen and elastin fibres
- Ground substance

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4
Q

Name 5 types of connective tissue cells

A

Fibroblast
Chondrocyte
Osteoblast
Myofibroblast
Adipocyte

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5
Q
  1. What is the function of a fibroblast?
A

secretes collagen and elastin for the ECM of most tissues

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6
Q
  1. What is the function of a chondrocyte?
A

secretes collagen II for the ECM of cartilage

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7
Q
  1. What is the function of a osteoblast?
A

secretes collagen I for the ECM of bone

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8
Q
  1. What is the function of an adipocyte?
A

storage and metabolism of fat

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9
Q
  1. What is the function of a myofibroblast?
A

secrete ECM and have contractile function

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10
Q
  1. What does reduced tensile strength from collagen disorders cause?
A

causes:
- tissue laxity
- joint hyper mobility
- susceptibility to injury

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11
Q
  1. What is bone?
A

Specialised connective tissue

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12
Q
  1. What 2 things does the structural strength of bone provide for the body?
A

-mechanical support
-protection

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13
Q
  1. What is bone a reservoir for?
A

Reservoir for calcium and phosphate in the body

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14
Q
  1. What role does bone play in regards to calcium?
A

role in calcium homeostasis

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15
Q
  1. What is the outside lining of a bone known as?
A

Periosteum

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16
Q
  1. Give 3 features of the periosteum
A
  • Fibrous CT layer, limiting bone growth
  • Carries blood supply and osteoprogenitor cells
  • Not present at the joint ends of long bones
17
Q
  1. What is the inner lining of a bone known as?
A

Endosteum

18
Q
  1. Give a feature of the endosteum
A

Lines the interior of bones

19
Q
  1. Where is bone marrow found in a bone?
A

medullary cavity

20
Q
  1. What is compact bone arranged into?
A

osteons

21
Q
  1. What is the dense outer shell of bone called?
A

compact bone

22
Q
  1. What is compact bone parallel to?
A

parallel to the long axis

23
Q
  1. What is 2 things is spongy bone also known as?
A

Trabecula bone
inner cancellous bone

24
Q
  1. What is inner cancellous bone arranged into?
A

interconnecting trabeculae with spaces for bone marrow

25
Q
  1. What are the spaces in trabeculae bone for?
A

spaces for bone marrow

26
Q
  1. Give 3 features of woven bone
A

Immature
Haphazard fibre arrangement
Mechanically weak

27
Q
  1. What is woven bone remodelled into after foetal development/fracture repair?
A

lamellar bone

28
Q
  1. Give 3 features of lamellar bone
A

. regular parallel collagen arrangement
. strong
. all adult bone is lamellar bone

29
Q
  1. What percentage of the bone matrix is organic?
A

25% organic

30
Q
  1. What percentage of the bone matrix is inorganic?
A

66% inorganic

31
Q
  1. What is the organic portion of bone called?
A

osteoid

32
Q
  1. What are the 2 non-collagenous proteins in the organic bone matrix that we need to know about?
A

osteocalcin and osteonectin

33
Q
  1. What is the function of osteocalcin
A

binds calcium together, increasing its local concentration

34
Q
  1. What is the function of osteonectin?
A

binds calcium to collagen

35
Q
  1. What is the name of the inorganic component of the bone matrix?
A

calcium salt-hydroxyapatite

36
Q
  1. Give 3 features of the inorganic component of the bone matrix
A

66% of dry weight of bone
Calcium phosphate with some carbonate and fluoride
Deposited in collagen hole zones

Movement (25 decks)

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