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Histology Block 2 > Bone Marrow and Hematopoiesis > Flashcards

Bone Marrow and Hematopoiesis Flashcards

1
Q

What is hemopoiesis?

A

A general classification for all blood cell development

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2
Q

What are the different phases of hemopoietic development?

A

Yolk Sac Phase, Liver Phase and Adult Phase

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3
Q

What is the primary hemopoietic organ in the adult phase?

A

Bone marrow

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4
Q

How does the primary location of hemopoiesis change through the adult phase?

A

In early adult hood hemopoiesis is leaving long bones and moving to axial skeleton bones

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5
Q

What are the adult hemopoietic loci?

A

Myeloid (marrow) tissue, and lymphoid tissue

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6
Q

What is the monophyletic theory?

A

All blood cells arise from common stem cell

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7
Q

What are colony forming units?

A

Small lymphoid-like stem cells capable of mitosis

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8
Q

What kind of marrow is hemopoietically active?

A

Red Marrow

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9
Q

Why is marrow with reduced activity yellow?

A

Adipocytes dominate the tissue

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10
Q

What are the fixed cells within the connective tissue of bone marrow?

A

Fibroblasts, reticular cells, macrophages, adipocytes, ostoblasts, endothelial cells, etc.

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11
Q

What anatomic part of the bone is bone marrow located?

A

Medullary cavities of bone

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12
Q

What is the cell from which all blood cells can be derived? What two cells can it differentiate into?

A

Hemopoietic stem cell; common myeloid progenitor and common lymphoid progenitor

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13
Q

What cells can be directly produced by a common myeloid progenitor?

A

Granulocyte monocyte progenitor and megakaryotcyte erthyrocyte progenitor

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14
Q

How does a mast cell develop from the granulocyte/ monocyte progenitor?

A

the progenitor differntiates to a basophil/ mast cell progenitor–> mast cell progenitor–> mast cell

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15
Q

What is the granulocyte developmental sequence?

A

Myeloblast–> Promyelocyte–> myelocyte–> metamyelocyte–> band (stab) cell–>

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16
Q

Myeloblasts might be found in the peripheral blood in a patient with what condition?

A

Myelogenous leukemia

17
Q

How long is development of a granulocyte? the typical lifespan of a granulocyte?

A

About 14 days; 1-3 days after development

18
Q

What is the relative ratio of granulocyte to erythrocytes in the bone marrow? Why?

A

More granulocytes than erythrocytes due to the shorter lifespans of peripheral granulocytes vs. erythrocytes and longer development time for granulocytes

19
Q

What does a decreased peripheral white count stimulate in the bone marrow?

A

Increased WBC release from marrow and increased differentiation of WBC’s from specific CFU’s

20
Q

Where does lymphopoiesis occur?

A

Occurs in both myeloid and lymphoid tissue

21
Q

What is the developmental sequence for lymphopoiesis?

A

Colony Factor Unit–> Lymphoblast–> Lymphocyte

22
Q

What are the macrophages of the liver? of the bone?

A

Kupfer cells; osteoclasts

23
Q

What is the developmental sequence of macrophages?

A

CFU–> Promonocyte–> monocyte–> macrophage

24
Q

What substances will induce erythropoeisis?

A

Fe, B12, erythropoietin

25
Q

How might diabetes lead to anemia?

A

Dysfunctional kidneys are not making erythropoietin so there is less RBCs being made

26
Q

What is the erythrocyte developmental sequence?

A

CFU–> Proerythroblast–> basophilic erythroblast–> polychromatophilic erythroblast–> orthochromatophilic erythroblast–> polychromatophilic erythrocyte (reticulocyte)–> mature erythrocyte

27
Q

What is a Howell Jolly body?

A

Chunks of nuclei being extruded

28
Q

What is the first stage of RBC development without a nucleus?

A

Polychromatophilic erythocyte

29
Q

What is the typical lifespan of a red blood cell?

A

120 days

30
Q

In what form is iron retrieved by the spleen? How is heme secreted by the gall bladder?

A

Ferritin; bilirubin

31
Q

What are the stages of platelet formation?

A

CFU–> Megakaryoblast–> megakaryocytes–> platelets

Histology Block 2 (3 decks)

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