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Human Anatomy 1100 Terms > Bone Health > Flashcards

Bone Health Flashcards

1
Q

Simple Fracture

A

A break but everything is contained in the skin

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2
Q

Compound Fracture

A

One or more pieces protruding through the skin, skin is compromised

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3
Q

What are the 7 different types of fractures?

A
  1. Comminuted
  2. Compression
  3. Spiral
  4. Epiphyseal
  5. Depressed
  6. Greenstick
  7. Stress fractures
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4
Q

Comminuted Fracture

A

Bone shattered, into little pieces

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5
Q

Compression Fracture

A

Bone crushed

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6
Q

Spiral Fracture

A

Caused by excessive twisting

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7
Q

Epiphyseal Fracture

A

Epiphysis separates from diaphysis (affects growth of bone)

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8
Q

Depressed Fracture

A

Bone/part of bone pressed inward

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9
Q

Greenstick Fracture

A

Buckle fracture, bone doesn’t break all the way through, caused by one traumatic event

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10
Q

Stress Fracture

A

Overuse, long term, repetitive stress on that bone

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11
Q

Fracture Repair

A

Healing tales a few months or more and occurs in a series of steps

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12
Q

Steps in a Fracture Repair

A
  1. A fracture hematoma forms
  2. A fibrocartilaginous (soft) callus forms
  3. A hard (bony) callus forms
  4. The bone is remodeled
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13
Q

During aging, bone changes in two ways:

A
  1. Loses ability to produce organic matrix (mainly collagen)
  2. Loses calcium and other minerals (bone mineral density), osteopenia
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14
Q

Osteopenia

A

Loss of bone tissue

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15
Q

Osteoporosis

A
  • Osteopenia can result in a decrease in bone mass called osteoporosis
  • Bone tissue deteriorates at a faster rate than it is produced
  • Compact bone becomes thinner, spongy bone has fewer trabeculae
  • Causes bones to become porous, light, and weak (Bones are then more susceptible to fracture, Compression fractures of the vertebrae are very common)
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16
Q

Who is osteoporosis common in?

A

Elderly, especially post-menopausal women

17
Q

Treatment for Osetoporosis

A

Calcium and Vitamin D supplementation, exercise, and hormone replacement

Human Anatomy 1100 Terms (4 decks)

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