Bone Growth

Question 1

interstitial bone growth

Answer 1

increase in length

Question 2

appositional bone growth

Answer 2

increase in thickness

Question 4

epiphyseal plate

Answer 4

growth plate in kids

Question 5

metaphysis

Answer 5

growth plate in adult that has become bone

Question 6

zone of resting cartilage

Answer 6

cartilage that has anchored to the epiphysis

Question 7

zone of proliferative cartilage

Answer 7

chondrocyte begin to stack on top of one another increasing length of bone

Question 8

zone of hypertrophic cartilage

Answer 8

chondrocytes getting bigger

Question 9

zone of calcified cartilage

Answer 9

matrix calcifies
chondrocytes die

Question 10

what happens to calcified cartilage

Answer 10

osteogenic cells will become osteoblasts and replace missing cartilage with bone

Question 11

factors that affect bone growth

Answer 11

1. dietary factors
2. hormones
3. abnormalities
4. bone remodeling
5. fractures

Question 12

insulin like growth factor

Answer 12

human growth hormone produced by the pancreas

Question 13

human growth hormone

Answer 13

produced by the pituitary gland

Question 14

what does estrogen do for bone growth

Answer 14

targets growth plate so cartilage hardens faster

Question 15

what does testosterone do for bone growth

Answer 15

stimulates growth for a longer period of time

Question 16

gigantism

Answer 16

increase of growth hormone as a child

Question 17

dwarfism

Answer 17

decrease of growth hormone as a child

Question 18

acromegaly

Answer 18

increase of growth hormone as an adult

Question 19

closed/simple fracture

Answer 19

does not break skin

Question 20

open/complex fracture

Answer 20

breaks the skin

Question 21

comminuted fracture

Answer 21

bone fragments floating around fracture site

Question 22

impacted fracture

Answer 22

one end of bone goes into another

Question 23

greenstick fracture

Answer 23

bone bends and does not break

Question 24

pott’s fracture

Answer 24

distal end of lateral leg

Question 25

colle's fracture

Answer 25

distal end of the radius wrist

Question 26

stress fracture

Answer 26

microscopic fissure

Question 27

spontaneous fracture

Answer 27

bone fractures without trauma

Question 28

bone's role in calcium homeostasis

Answer 28

puts calcium in the bloodstream

Question 29

parathyroid hormone

Answer 29

increases osteoclast activity when blood calcium levels are low

Question 30

calcitonin

Answer 30

stops osteoclast activity if blood calcium levels are too high

Question 31

where is calcium stored in the body

Answer 31

bones

Question 32

what do osteoclasts do for blood calcium levels

Answer 32

break down collagen to release calcium into the bloodstream

Question 33

healing a fracture

Answer 33

formation of a fracture hematoma

Question 34

formation of a callus

Answer 34

fracture hematoma hardens fibroclasts come in and produce collagen fibers to adhere to granulation site

Question 35

who cleans up the fracture site

Answer 35

phagocytes and osteoclasts

Question 36

formation of bony callus

Answer 36

osteogenic cells become osteoblasts and replacr callus with spongy bone tissue

Question 37

bone remodeling last step

Answer 37

spongy bone is replaced by compact bone

Question 38

reduction

Answer 38

reduces fracture

Question 39

closed reduction

Answer 39

manually put the bone back into place

Question 40

open reduction

Answer 40

surgically put the bone back into place