Bone Formation And Growth Flashcards
What 3 components is bone tissue made up of and what are the %’s?
Water- 25%
Protein- 25%
Minerals- 50%
Name the 2 types of bone tissue
Compact and spongy
Name the 4 different types of bone cells
- Osteoprogenitor
- Osteoblasts
- Osteocytes
- Osteoclasts
What process causes born formation?
Ossification
What is metaphysis?
This is where bone grows from
Where does intramembranous ossification occur?
Occurs within fibrous membranes of the embryo, fetus, child and adult. At the site where bone develops, mesenchymal cells cluster and become vascularised.
What are mesenchymal cells?
Stellate cells located between the ectoderm and endoderm of young embryos
What do mesenchymal cells differentiate into?
Osteoprogenitor cells, then osteoblasts.
A cluster of osteoblasts are also known as…
An ossification centre
What do osteoblasts secrete?
They secrete the organic matrix of the bone, until they are surrounded by it.
When osteoblasts are covered by the organic matrix, what are they now called?
They are now called osteocytes
Why is it vital for women who are pregnant to consume vitamin D?
If a women doesn’t have a big supply of Vitamin D and Calcium, the fetus can become parasitic and will steal the nutrients from the mother. This can cause the mothers body to suffer
When does the human growth hormone activate?
After 2 years
What is the epiphyseal plate?
- A thick layer of cartilage within the metaphysis.
- It separates the epiphysis (end) from the diaphysis (shaft) of the bone.
- It has a proliferation of cartilage, which calcifies. This results in the elongation of the diaphysis
- Growth is equal at each end of the shaft
When is ossification of the posterior fontanelle complete?
6 weeks
