Bone Disorders

Question 1

Fracture

Answer 1

Broken bone

Question 2

Closed (simple) fracture

Answer 2

one in which the bone is broken but no external wound exists

Question 3

Open (compound) fracture

Answer 3

Involves a broken bone and an external wound that leads to the site of fracture

Question 4

Complicated fracture

Answer 4

one in which a broken bone has injured an internal organ

Question 5

Comminuted fracture

Answer 5

bone has broken or splintered into pieces

Question 6

impacted fracture

Answer 6

occurs when the bone is broken and one end is wedged into the interior of another bone

Question 7

incomplete fracture

Answer 7

occurs when the line of fracture does not completely transverse the entire bone

Question 8

greenstick fracture

Answer 8

when the broken bone does not extend through the entire thickness of the bone; that is, one side of the bone is still composed of flexible cartilage

Question 9

Colles fracture

Answer 9

a break at the lower end of the radius, occurs just above the wrist. Causes displacement of hand

Question 10

Hairline fracture

Answer 10

minor fracture in which all portions of the bone are in perfect alignment

Question 11

Pathological fractures (spontaneous)

Answer 11

usually caused by a disease process such as a neoplasm or osteoporosis

Question 12

Osteomyelitis

Answer 12

an infective process that encompasses all bone components, including bone marrow

Question 13

Paget disease/ osteitis deformans

Answer 13

chronic inflammation of bones, resulting in thickening and softening of bones

Question 14

Osteoporosis

Answer 14

common metabolic bone disorder in the elderly that usally begins as a decrease in bone mineral density and becomes worse

Question 15

osteopenia

Answer 15

decrease in bone mineral densitiy

Question 16

Spinal curvature deviations

Answer 16

Scoliosis, kyphosis, lordosis

Question 17

Scoliosis

Answer 17

c-shaped curvature of the spine, may be congenital and cause by chronic poor posture during childhood

Question 18

Kyphosis

Answer 18

Hunchback. Abnormal curvature of the upper portion of the spine

Question 19

lordosis

Answer 19

Swayback; abnormal inward curvature of a portion of the lower part of the spine

Question 20

Arthritis

Answer 20

inflammation of a joint usually accompanied by pain, swelling and, commonly, changes in structure

Question 21

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 21

a systematic disease characterized by inflammatory changes in joints and their related structures, results in crippling deformities

Question 22

osteoarthritis; degenerative joint disease

Answer 22

progressive, degenerative disease that occurs when the protective cartilage at the end of bones wears down; most common form of arthritis

Question 23

Heberden nodes

Answer 23

bony enlargments caused by spur formation

Question 24

gout

Answer 24

metabolic disease caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the blood