Bone diseases Flashcards
Arthritis
- More than 3 millions cases a year
- no cure
- requires medical diagnosis
- chronic:last for years or lifelong
- symptoms: pain,swelling, reduced ROM and stiffness
- meds,PT, and surgery can help improve quality of life
- affects 3x more women than men
Rheumatoid arthritis
- Autoimmune disease
- bodys immune system attacks its own tissue, joints,and in severe cases internal organs
- abt 1.5 million ppl have in the U.S.
Chondromalacia
- occurs when cartilage inside the joint softens and breaks down.
- Cartilage loses its ability to protect ends of bones as the joint moves.
- ends of bones can rub together, causing pain
4.most common in the knee
Dislocation
- ends of opposing bones are out of connection with another
- in the process, bruising of tissues and tearing od ligaments may occur
- luxation: a complete separation of the joints.
subluxation
- subluxation of a joint is where the connection bone is partially out of the joint.
Gout
- pain and inflammation occur when too much uric acid crystallizes and deposits in the joints
- symptoms: severe pain,redness, swelling in joints, often big toe.
- can be sudden
- during attack anti-inflammatory meds can help relieve pain and shorten length of attack.
- having chronic gout can use behavioral modification such as diet, exercise, and decreased intake of alcohol
Lordosis
- too much lordosis is referred to swayback
- can be inherited or casued by conditions such as arthritis, muscular dystrophy, and dwarfism
- inward arch on lower back above the buttocks
- chronic: can last years or lifelong
kyphosis
- Hunchback usually refers to an abnormally curved spine.
- most common in older women often related to osteoporosis.
- back pain and stiffness
- severe case can cause pain and disfiguring
ostealigia
pain in the bone
myeloma
- cancer of the plasma cells in the bone marrow
lytic lesions
- refer to areas of bone destruction that result in holes
- typically occur to a disease, such as cancer.
- lytic lesions- spots of bone damage that result from cancerous plasma cells building up in your bone marrow
scoliosis
- abnormal LATERAL curvature of the spine “sideways”
- most often diagnosed during adolescence
- cause in childhood is unknown
- can also occur in people with conditions such as cerebralplasy and muscular dystrophy
osteoitis
inflammation of the bone
osteoma
tumor of the bone
pagets or oseitis deformans
excessive breakdown of bone and enlarged bone formation (another word could be osteitis deformans)
periositis
also known as periostalgia, is a condition characterized by inflammation of the periosteum around tubular bones, most common in hands and feet.
2. shin splints are a type of periostitis
spina bifida
when a baby’s spine and spinal cord doesn’t develop properly causing a gap in the spine
2. type of neural defect
3. symptoms: abnormal tuft of hair, a birthmark, or protruding spinal cord tissue
sprain
trauma to the ligaments surrounding a joint
