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Radiology > Bone Density > Flashcards

Bone Density Flashcards

1
Q

What is a good modality for studying the components of marrow?

A

MRI

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2
Q

What is the injection used for a bone scan?

A

Technetium 99 MDP

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3
Q

When is a bone scan less sensitivie?

A

Multiple myeloma (osteoclastic, because of lytic nature)

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4
Q

What is a good modality to use for multiple myeloma?

A

Xrays

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5
Q

What does the honda sign indicate?

A

Sacral insufficiency fracture

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6
Q

If there is a wide zone of transition in a bone tumor, is the cancer more likely to be agressive or non-agressive?

A

Agressive

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7
Q

If a bone cancer has a motheaten look with multiple lytic areas is it aggressive or not? what type is it?

A

Agressive

Type 2

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8
Q

What type is a narrow transition zone, non sclerotic margin ?

A

Type 1 B

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9
Q

What type is a narrow transition zone, sclerotic margin

A

Type 1 A

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10
Q

What type are the following? B9. Bone cyst, nonossifying fibroma, fibrous dysplasia, osteoid osteoma

A

Type 1A

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11
Q

What type are the following? Bone cyst, enchondroma, chondromyxoid fibroma, giant cell, eosinophilic granuloma

A

Type 1B

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12
Q

What tyep are the following: Giant cell tumor, osteosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, chondrosarcoma, brown tumor, mets..

A

Type 1 C

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13
Q

What type are the following . Malignant neoplasms, primary and metastatic, osteomyelitis

A

Type 2

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14
Q

What type are the following Sarcomas, hyperparathyroidism, fracture, osteomyelitis.

A

Type 3

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15
Q

What is a big tumor. Nidus less than 2 cm surrounded by a zone of reactive bone. Dull pain that’s worst at night and disappears within 20-30 min after NSAI’s

A

Osteoid Osteoma

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16
Q

If a tumor is in the chondroid what does it look like?

A

Arcs and rings

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17
Q

If a tumor is in the osteoid what would it look like?

A

Cloud-like

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18
Q

In a tumor with a sunburst around it agressive or non agressive?

A

Aggressive

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19
Q

If a tumor looks like onion skinning is it more toward the agressive or non-agressive side?

A

Agressive

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20
Q

What age range does multiple myeloma or metastasis typically occur in?

A

Older individuals (50-80)

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21
Q

Tumors with what in front of them have more bone producing abnormality?

A

“osteo”

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22
Q

What can stool mimic in the pelvis?

A

Fracture, bone tumors

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23
Q

What is a fracture that occurs with repetitie trauma and is a fatigue fracture?

A

Stress fracture

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24
Q

What occurs when normal stress is placed upon abnormal bone

A

insufficiency fracture

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25
Q

what type fracture is a buckling that doesn’t go all the way through the cortex?

A

torus

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26
Q

This child presents with limping and is usually a boy. Has osteonecrosis of the femoral head. What is the disease?

A

Legg-Perthes Disease

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27
Q

This occurs normally in overweight pre-teen or teenager. Presents with a limp.

A

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)

28
Q

What are common fractures that can indicate child abuse?

A

Fractures of ribs, ends of long bones (near growth plates), spine

29
Q

What are common head injuries in child abuse?

A

subdural hemorrhage
brain swelling (cerebral edema)
multiple skull fractures (eggshell)

30
Q

WHat should you start with for a ligamentous/ soft tissue injury?

A

MRI
Arthrogram
Ultrasound

31
Q

For osteomyelitis what should you start with?

A

MRI

Nuclear medicine studies

32
Q

Arthrogram is usually combine with what?

A

MRI

33
Q

Is there an injection of contrast in an arthrogram?

A

yes, gadolinium

34
Q

type of arthritis that could be angered by eating at big texan?

A

Gout

35
Q

What is any disease that affects the joint?

A

Arthritis

36
Q

What is an arthritis where there is bone production?

A

Hypertrophic

37
Q

What is an arthritis where there is boen destruction?

A

Erosive arthritis (underlying inflammation and lysis)

38
Q

What is bone formation extending from bone? (type of hypertrophic arthritis)

A

Osteophytes

39
Q

What is bone production within the confines of preexisiting bone? (type of hypertrophic arthritis)

A

Subchondral sclerosis

40
Q

What are the four hypertrophic arthrides

A

Osteoarthritis
Erosive osteoarthritis
Charcot arthropathy
calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD)

41
Q

Osteoarthritis is mostly a _____ disease?

A

DISTAL

42
Q

What is a common joint for osteoarthritis?

A

1st CMC

43
Q

What is : Degenerative arthritis of synovial joints that occurs because of an underlying predisposing condition such as trauma.

A

Degenerative arthritis

44
Q

What type of osteoarthritis has severe inflammation, erosions typically centrally located in joints. Often seen in perimenopausal females.

A

Erosive osteoarthritis

45
Q

What type arthropathy is seen in a neuropathic joint and due to a disturbance in sensation. Often seen in those with diabetes in shoulder, hips, ankles, and feet.

A

Charcot arthropathy

46
Q

What is the deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in and around joints. Known as pseudogout. Affects joints not typically affected by osteoarthritis.

A

Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease

47
Q

Type of arthritis, related to inflammation. There are lytic lesions in or near the joint. Pannus- mas of growing and enlarging synovial tissue.

A

Erosive arthritis

48
Q

What are some types of erosive arthritis?

A

Rheumatoid arthritis
Gout
psoariatic arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis

49
Q

What joints does rheumatoid arthritis usually affect?

A

Proximal joints

B/L symmetric

50
Q

Are there bone formation in rheumatoid arthritis?

A

No

51
Q

What is Inflammation changes incited by the deposition of calcium urate crystals?

A

Gout

52
Q

What joint is affected most by gout?

A

Metatarsal-phalangeal joint

53
Q

When you hear “pencil in cup” what disease should you think?

A

Psoriatic arthritis

54
Q

What is a progressive disease that leads to inflammation and eventual fusion of the SI joint. Seen in males. HLA B27 marker. Ascends spine starting at SI joint.

A

Ankylosing Spondylitis

55
Q

In the spine with ankylosing spondylitis there is ossification of what?

A

The outer fibers of the annulus fibrosis

56
Q

people with ankylosing spondylitis has a spine that looks like what?

A

bamboo

57
Q

this type of arthritis usually occurs from hematogenous seeding of the synovial membrane from an infected source elsewhere in the body.

A

Infectious arthritis

58
Q

What is the pyogenic form of infectious arthritis?

A

Staph

59
Q

What is the nonpyogenic form of infectious arthritis?

A

Mycobacterium

60
Q

How many joints does infectious arthritis usually occur in?

A

One

61
Q

What are 4 things that lead to increased bone density (white)?

A

Osteoblastic metastasis
Osteopetrosis
Pagets (focal)
Avascular necrosis (focal)

62
Q

What are 6 things that lead to decreased bone density (dark)?

A 
Osteoclastic metastasis
Osteoporosis
Hyperthyroidism
Rickets
Osteomyelitis
Multiple myelomas
63
Q

Are these cancer types osteoblastic or osteolytic?

Prostate, breast, lymphoma, carcinoid

A

Osteoblastic

64
Q 
Are these cancer types osteoblastic or osteolytic?
Lung cancer
breast cancer
renal cell cancer
thyroid
A

Osteolytic

65
Q

What is the destruction of bone by an infectious agent?

A

Osteomyelitis

66
Q

What is the destruction of bone by an infectious agent?

A

Osteomyelitis

Radiology (11 decks)

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