Bone, Cartilage, and Joints Flashcards
Periosteum
Tough fibrous tissue that forms the outermost covering of bone
Compact Bone
Dense, hard, and very strong bone that forms a protective layer
Red Bone Marrow
Hemopoeitic tissue that manufactures red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells, and thrombolcytes
Yellow Bone Marrow
Functions as a fat storage area and is located in the medullary cavity of long bones
Cartilage
Smooth, rubbery blue-white tissue that acts as a shock absorbor between bones
Articular Cartilage
Covers the surface of bones where they articulate and protects them from rubbing against each other
Meniscus
Curved, fibrous cartilage found in some joints
Diaphysis
Shaft of a long bone
Epiphysis
The wider ends of long bones
Proximal Epiphysis
The end of the bone located nearest to the midline of the body
Distal Epiphysis
The end of the bone located farthest away from the midline
Foramen
An opening in a bone through which blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass
Process
A normal projection on the surface of a bone that most commonly serves as an attachment for a muscle or tendon
Joints
Place of union between two or more bones
Fibrous Joints
Inflexible layers of dense connective tissue that hold the bones tightly together
Cartilaginous Joints
Joints that connect bones with cartilage
Synovial Joints
Most common joint in the body, free mobile joints
Synovial Fluid
Flows within the synovial cavity and acts as a lubricant
Ligaments
Bands of fibrous tissue that form joints by connecting one bone to another or by joining bone to cartilage
Bursa
A fibrous sac that acts as a cushion to ease movement in areas that are subject to friction
