Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PTRS 746 Exam 2 > Bone Cancer and Metastatic Disease > Flashcards

Bone Cancer and Metastatic Disease Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: The potential for cancer rehabilitation is not separate from the prognosis for disease improvement.

A

False: Is separate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Q: What is the focus of cancer rehabilitation?

A

Prolonging survival, not eradicating diease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F: Patients fear death more than functional decline and uncontrolled symptoms.

A

False: flip it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

T/F: Caretaker burden is strongly linked to requested euthanasia.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

T/F: Threats to functional decline are isolated in nature.

A

False: Multiple fronts: sx, tx toxicity, metastatic disease, psychosocial adjustment, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Q: Approach cancer rehabilitation with an ______________ and _________________ stance.

A

anticipatory, preventative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Content: Phases of Therapeutic Intervention for Cancer (4)

A
  1. Preventative
  2. Restorative
  3. Supportive
  4. Palliative
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Content: Preventative Phase Description (2)

A
  1. Lessens impact of anticipated disability through education and training
  2. Condition programs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Content: Restorative Phase Description (2)

A
  1. Aims to restore physcial integrity
  2. Mobility training and exercise
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Content: Supportive Phase Description (2)

A
  1. Interventions to cope with/accomodate a disability
  2. Potentially orthotics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Content: Palliative Phase Description (4)

A
  1. Provide comfort or assistance when recovery is not expected
  2. Pain management
  3. Family training
  4. Discharge to home
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Q: Primary Bone Malignancies are relatively ______, 1 in _________. Secondary bone disease is ____x more likley to occur.

A

rare, 100,000, 35

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Content: Osteosarcoma (4)

A
  1. Unknown etiology (linked to radiation - think Chernoble)
  2. < 20 yo or > 60 yo (assoc. w/Paget’s)
  3. Distal femur or proximal tibia
  4. Tends to metastasize to the lungs and other bones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Content: Medical Management of Osteosarcoma (4)

A
  1. Imaging to define extent and biopsy tumor
  2. Chemotherapy pre/post operatively
  3. Surgical excision of affected bone (80% excised w/o amputation)
  4. 70% long term survival even with metastatic disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Content: Ewing’s Sarcome (4)

A
  1. > 3yo < 25 yo
  2. 60% of tumors in LE/Pelvic girdle
  3. Tends to metastatize to lungs and other bones
  4. 1st presents as pain, low grade fever, anemia, limp (not something kids do for fun)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Content: Medical Managment of Ewing’s Sarcoma

A
  1. Imaging to define extent, will see “onion skin” appear of cortical bone
  2. several course of pre-op multi drug chemo as well as post-op chemo
  3. Surgical resection
  4. 50-75% survival of 5 years
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Content: Chondrasarcoma (4)

A
  1. > 40 yo; M > W
  2. Central skeleton, esp. pelvis
  3. Majority low grade/difficult to distinguish from benign cartilage disease
  4. Charactertics radiographic features
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Content: Medical Management of Chondrosarcoma (3)

A
  1. Managed surgically
  2. Chemo is reserved for progression of disease
  3. Excellent prognosis with low grade disease
19
Q

In the 1970s, 90% of radioresistance malignant bone tumors were treated with _____________, by 2000, 80-90% of radioresistant malignant bone tumors were treated with __________________.

A

amputation, limb salvage

20
Q

Content: Types of Limb Salvage (6)

A
  1. Allograft replacement (same species transplant)
  2. Endoprosthetic insertion (An artificial replacement of a body part that is placed internally.
  3. Allograft-prosthetic reconstructions
  4. Vascularized bone graft
  5. Arthrodesis
  6. Rotationplasty
21
Q

Content: Complication of Limb Salvage (4)

A
  1. Infection
  2. Non-union or delayed union
  3. OA
  4. Joint instability
22
Q

Content: Acute PT Intervention (5)

A
  1. Mobility training: bed mobility, transfers
  2. Strengthening within precautions
  3. ROM within precautions
  4. Gait training with protective WBing
  5. Endurance activities
23
Q

Content: Late PT Invervention (3)

A
  1. Joint function
  2. Strengthening
  3. Quality, effectiveness, and efficiency of gait
24
Q

Content: Metastatic Disease in Bone (5)

A
  1. Highly prevalent complication of cancer
  2. 70-85% of pts. who die of cancer have bone metastasis
  3. Combination of lesions (osteolytic/blastic) can occur in the same pt.
  4. Risk of hypercalcemia, pathologic fx, pain, spinal cord compressoin
  5. Relatively long clinical course
25
Q

Content: Most common sites of cancer bone metastasis (5)

A

PT Barnum Loves Kids

Prostate

Thyroid

Breast

Lung

Kidney

  • If you see these it should be on your rada that the cancer came from metastatic disease
26
Q

Defn: Osteolytic

A

Destruction of bone by stimulated bone resorption

27
Q

Defn: Osteoblastic

A

Dense, new bone growth with likely lytic processes and compromised bone quality

28
Q

Content: Pathologic Fx (4)

A
  1. Severe complication of osseous metastatic disease
  2. Incidence in patient with bone mets = 9.5%
  3. Protective unweighting prescription
  4. Prophylactic repair is controversial due to uncertainty in determining fracture risk
29
Q

Content: Predicting Pathologic Fx (3)

A
  1. Primarily uses x-ray and bone scans. x-rays allow quantitative measure of cortical involvement.
  2. Studies support determining fracture risk and intervention based on % of cortex involved
  3. Another significant study used pain aggravated with functional activity as predictor
30
Q

Diagram: CPR for Pathologic Fx

A
31
Q

T/F: Bedrest is the best method to prevent pathologic fractures.

A

False:

Study of 54 patients indicated that few patients (1) fracture with direct therapy activities. More fractures occurred (6) while the patient was in bed which is consistent with the cause of the fracture primarily from erosive disease

32
Q

Content: Characteristics of Pt. more likely to have pathologic fx (3)

A
  1. Younger (~59 yo)
  2. Greater number of sites involved with bony metastases
  3. Presence of 2+ pathologic fx
33
Q

Content: Rehab with Risk of Pathologic Fx (3)

A
  1. Active pain free AROM, NO resistive/PROM
  2. Limit MMT of uninvolved extremities
  3. Inform pt. of risks/risks of bedrest
34
Q

Content: Multiple Myeloma (4)

A
  1. Acquired injury to the DNA of a cell in the lymphocyte development sequence
  2. B-lymphocytes transform into malignant cells resembling plasma celss resulting in a monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells
  3. Abnormal cells accumulate in bone marrow causing a tumor
  4. Chemical secreted by plasma cells stimulate osteoblastic activity creating lytic bone lesions
35
Q

Content: Multiple Myeloma Sequelae

A
  1. Myeloma cells increase in number > damage and weaken bone
  2. Damaged bones release calcium > hypercalcemia (muscle weakness, restlessness, and confusion)
  3. Myeloma cells prevent bone marrow from forming normal plasma cells and WBC > compromises immunity
  4. Cancer may prevent RBC growth > anemia
  5. Excess antiboy proteins and calcium > prevent kidneys from filtering/cleaning blood
36
Q

Content: Diagnosis of Multiple Myeloma (3)

A
  1. Imaging to specify extent of lytic lesions
  2. Blood and urine tests for high antibody proteins
  3. Bone marrow biopsy and/or bone marrow aspiration
37
Q

Content: Medical Management of Multiple Myeloma (4)

A
  1. Systemtic chemotherapy
  2. Local XRT
  3. Neutropenic precaustions, dialysis
  4. Highly treatable, rarely curable, 24-30 mo prognosis, < 3% of 10 yr survival
38
Q

Content: PT Considerations in Multiple Myeloma (5)

A
  1. Back pain and compression fx are common
  2. Considerations as with metastatic compression fx
  3. Spinal orthtoics
  4. AROM
  5. Maintain ambulation abilities
39
Q

Q: Who was the founder of hospice?

A

Dame Cicely Saunders

40
Q

Content: Conserations for Pathologic Fx (3)

A
  1. Amount of cortical involvement limited in long bones
  2. Dynamic process in metastatic lesion
  3. Treatments change the nature of lesions
41
Q

T/F: There is a no fall tolerance with hip, pelvis, and LE pathologic fx.

A

True

42
Q

Q: What type of cancer is multiple myeloma?

A

A primary leukemia/hematologic cancer

43
Q

Q: What type of cancer does multiple myeloma look like?

A

Metastatic disease

PTRS 746 Exam 2 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions